A study on the estimation of water-environmental change from urbanization and its preservation method using hydrological and water quality model

利用水文水质模型估算城市化水环境变化及其保护方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
07456106
负责人：
HATA Takeshi
金额：
$ 4.8万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study evaluates the changes in water environment (in the aspect of discharge and water quality) from urbanization and to propose its preservation method. First, TOPMODEL (topography-based hydrological model) is a physically-based distributed type rainfall-runoff model which can represent not only river flow discharge but also distribution of variable source area. The model is applied to the Wajima-Yanagida catchment and the Yamada river basin. Next, the complex tank model, which is distributed model and includes the forest, paddy field, any city sub-tank model, is used in combination with LQ-equation (loading-discharge relationship of exponential style)determined from observed spatial water quality data. The results are as follows. 1. TOPMODEL shows good performance for estimating long- and short-term runoff and simulating distribution of variable source area. 2. The DEM is effective and useful for calculation of a topographic index used for application of the TOPMODEL.3. From LQ-equation, city and paddy field has a function of accumulation and flash of loading and its ability of supply of loading become smaller as compared as forest. 4. The model can evaluate water quality and discharge changes (loading) from land use ratio of catchment. 5. In current research area, effluent loading from unit area is bigger in order of paddy field, city, forest. 6. The model can evaluate the concentration rise of some nutrient in farming season.

这项研究评估了城市化的水环境变化（在排放和水质方面），并提出了其保存方法。首先，Topmodel（基于地形的水文模型）是一种基于物理的分布式降雨跑车模型，不仅可以代表河流流量排放，还代表可变源面积的分布。该模型适用于Wajima-Yanagida集水区和Yamada河流域。接下来，复杂的储罐模型是分布式模型，包括森林，稻田，任何城市子坦克模型，都与观察到的空间水质数据相结合，与LQ-方程式（指数样式的负载分离关系）结合使用。结果如下。 1。TopModel在估计长期和短期径流和模拟可变源区域的分布方面显示出良好的性能。 2。DEM对于计算用于应用TopSmodel的地形指数的有效和有用。3。从LQ方程式中，City和Paddy领域具有积累和负载的闪光功能，其负载能力与森林相比变得更小。 4。该模型可以评估水域利用比的水质和排放变化（加载）。 5。在当前的研究区域，单位区域的废水负载在帕迪菲尔德（Paddy Field），城市，森林（Forest）方面更大。 6。该模型可以评估农业季节某些营养素的浓度上升。