Descriptive and Theoretical Studies on Linguistic Universals and Particulars

语言共性和细节的描述性和理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
07451105
负责人：
WASHIO Ryuichi
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since the present research project has ten research members, specializing in such diverse languages as Japanese, Korean, Chinese, German, French, English and Swedish, the research results are accordingly diverse and wide-ranging. To summarize some of them, focusing mainly on those derived from the research by the research leader, a new typology of languages has been proposed with respect to the so-called resultative expressions, based on the comparative analysis of such languages as Japanese, Korean, French and English (cf.Journal of East Asian Linguistics 6,1-49 (U.S.A.) and Ohak Yongu 33 (Korea) ). This proposal has been critically examined by one of the research members, who suggests an alternative analysis based on some interesting cross-linguistic data including those from German and Dutch (cf.Research Report, pp.63-80). The research leader also made a theoretical proposal concerning the conditions on well-formedness of passive and causative expressions in such languages as Japanese, Korean, French and English (cf.A Comparative Linguistic Study of Voice, Sanshusha, pp.1-66, and Voice and Aspect, Kenkyusha). Another research member has investigated similar phenomena in Chinese, and observed that Chinese can also be analyzed in a similar fashion though it has some specific properties that need to be further investigated (cf.A Comparative Linguistic Study of Voice, Sanshusha, pp. 133-160). Another research member, working on the so-called unaccusativity in German and English, has observed that the uses of reflexive verbs and intransitive verbs in German are semantically conditioned (Sprachtheorie und germanistische Linguistik 3, pp. 716). Still another research member investigated the so-called "perfective" constructions in German and Swedish, and observed that they may well be a special case of the ordinary participle construction (Research Report, pp. 111-140 and Sprachwissenschaft 22, pp. 287-307).

由于本研究项目有十名研究人员，专攻日语、韩语、中文、德语、法语、英语、瑞典语等多种语言，因此研究成果多样、广泛。总结其中一些，主要集中于研究负责人的研究得出的结果，在对日语、韩语、法语和英语（参见《东亚语言学杂志》6,1-49（美国）和 Ohak Yongu 33（韩国））。该提案已经过一位研究成员的严格审查，他建议基于一些有趣的跨语言数据（包括来自德语和荷兰语的数据）进行替代分析（参见研究报告，第 63-80 页）。该研究带头人还就日语、韩语、法语和英语等语言中被动语态和使役语表达的格式良好的条件提出了理论建议（参见《声音的比较语言学研究》，三叔社，第1-66页，以及声音和外观，Kenkyusha）。另一位研究人员研究了汉语中的类似现象，并观察到汉语也可以以类似的方式进行分析，尽管它有一些需要进一步研究的特定属性（参见语音的比较语言学研究，三叔莎，第133页- 160）。另一位研究德语和英语中所谓的非宾格性的研究成员观察到，德语中反身动词和不及物动词的使用是受语义限制的（Sprachtheorie und germanistische Linguistik 3，第 716 页）。还有一位研究成员调查了德语和瑞典语中所谓的“完美”结构，并观察到它们很可能是普通分词结构的特例（Research Report，第 111-140 页和 Sprachwissenschaft 22，第 287 页） 307）。