Descriptive and Theoretical Research on Cross-Linguistic Variations

跨语言变异的描述性和理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
12410126
负责人：
WASHIO Ryuichi
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Research during the, first three years of the present project has produced some unexpected results. Of particular importance is the following discovery, by the Project Leader. The perfect auxiliaries in Old Japanese, -tu and -nu, display a close distributional correspondence to the European auxiliaries HAVE and BE, particularly to hebben and zijn in Dutch, not only in the core cases where -tu/ hebben appear with transitives/ unergatives and -nu/ zijn with passives/ unaccusatives, but also in the following exceptional cases : Dutch is known to have a few transitive verbs, such as FORGET and PASS, which exceptionally select zijn ; Old Japanese also has a small class of exceptional transitives, among which are the verbs meaning FORGET and PASS. Since this is thought not likely to be accidental, the reasonable conclusions are that -tu/-nu selection and hebben/zijn selection are essentially the same phenomenon, and it is by the very nature of this phenomenon that verbs like FORGET are favored as exceptions aver many other transitive verbs. Auxiliary selection is therefore a phenomenon not confined to European languages -a conclusion which throws fresh light upon some important issues in the theory of auxiliary selection. The Project Leader has already published two articles on this subject in refereed journals in Japan and Korea (JOURNAL of THE APANESE GRAMMAR SOCIETY and LANGUAGE RESEARCH). ; the most comprehensive discussion of this subject and some other related matters are presented in a long paper which is to appear in JOURNAL of EAST ASIAN LINGUISTICS (U.S.A.)The Project Leader and the investigators corroborated on various issues in lexical semantics and produced some substantial results, including "Same Typological Implications of Mongolian Resultatives," ENGLISH LINGUISTICS 19, pp.366-391 (by the Project Leader) and "Reflexives and resultatives : some differences between English and German," LINGUISTICS 40/5, pp.961-986 (by Toshiaki OYA)

本项目前三年的研究产生了一些意想不到的结果。特别重要的是项目负责人的以下发现。古日语中的完美助词 -tu 和 -nu，与欧洲助词 HAVE 和 BE，尤其是荷兰语中的 hebben 和 zijn 表现出密切的分布对应关系，不仅在 -tu/ hebben 与及物动词/非作格一起出现的核心情况下和 -nu/ zijn 与被动/非宾格，但也适用于以下特殊情况：众所周知，荷兰语有一些及物动词，例如 FORGET 和 PASS，其中特别选择 zijn ；古日语还有一小类特殊及物动词，其中包括表示“忘记”和“通过”的动词。由于这被认为不太可能是偶然的，因此合理的结论是 -tu/-nu 选择和 hebben/zijn 选择本质上是相同的现象，并且正是由于这种现象的本质，像 FORGET 这样的动词才被视为例外平均许多其他及物动词。因此，辅助选择现象并不局限于欧洲语言——这一结论为辅助选择理论中的一些重要问题提供了新的线索。项目负责人已在日本和韩国的参考期刊（JOURNAL of THE APANESE GRAMMAR SOCIETY 和 LANGUAGE RESEARCH）上发表了两篇关于该主题的文章。 ;关于这个主题和其他一些相关问题的最全面的讨论在一篇长论文中提出，该论文将发表在《东亚语言学杂志》（美国）上。项目负责人和研究人员证实了词汇语义学中的各种问题，并产生了一些实质性成果，包括“蒙古语结果的相同类型学含义”，英语语言学 19，第 366-391 页（由项目Leader) 和“反身和结果：英语和德语之间的一些差异”，LINGUISTICS 40/5，第 961-986 页（作者：Toshiaki OYA）