Tropical Rain Forest Biodiversity Analyzed by a Large Research Plot

通过大型研究区分析热带雨林生物多样性

基本信息

批准号：
06041094
负责人：
YAMAKURA Takuo
金额：
$ 9.22万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041094/
关键词：
Tropical rain forest Biodiversity Large-scale research plot Genetic diversity Gene drift Conservation of topical rain forest Forest rehabilitation Sarawak Equilibrium hypothesis

项目摘要

The species richness of a tropical rain forest was analyzed by using a large-scale research plot, which has a size of 52 ha and was established at the Lambir National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia in 1993. Questionnaires of the present study are mainly concerned with the tests of availability of two contrasting hypotheses, equilibrium hyporthesis (niche theory) and non-equilibrium hypothesis, for the explanations of working mechanisms of the biodiversity of tropical rain forest. By dividing the whole plot area into 1300,20mx20m stands, four topographic and five forest-structural variables were calculated for each of 1300 stands. The topographic variables suggested the steeply sloped, sharply undulating, and complexly bisected topography of the plot. The forest structural variables also suggested a huge and complex structure with superimposed forest layrs. Both topographic and structural variables were highly correlative, suggesting a predictability of forest structure with respect to topography. Out of the five forest structural variables, mean dbh per forest layr in a 20mx20m stand decreased with and increase of tree density per forest layr, showing a density dependency of individual tree growth. The total number of species in the plot was 1175, which was far greater than those at Pasoh (820 spp/50ha) in west Malaysia and BCI (306) spp/50ha) in Panama. The spatial patterns of some dominant species were also highly correlative with topographic variables. All these results suggested the predictable change of the huge and complex architecture of the rain forest at Lambir and seemed to be favored by the equilibrium hypothesis as a working mechanism of tropical biodiversity. The genetic diversity was studied by analyzing isozyme patterns in leaves and implied the importance of gene drifts for producing the rich tropical biodiversity.

通过使用大规模研究图分析了热带雨林的物种丰富性，该图的大小为52公顷，并于1993年在马来西亚砂拉越的Lambir国家公园建立。本研究的调查表主要涉及两种对比的测试和不合时宜的高估，nichice tor nichice Theory of Nichice Theory的可用性检验）热带雨林生物多样性的机制。通过将整个地块区域分为1300,20mx20m的支架，计算了1300个架子中的每个林地的四个地形和五个森林结构变量。地形变量表明该地块的陡峭倾斜，急剧起伏且复杂的一分为二。森林结构变量还提出了一个巨大而复杂的结构，并带有叠加的森林层。地形和结构变量均高度相关，表明森林结构相对于地形具有可预测性。在五个森林结构变量中，在20mx20m的林分中平均每个森林的DBH随着森林层的树密度的增加和增加，显示了单个树木生长的密度依赖性。该地块中的物种总数为1175，远大于西马来西亚的帕索（820 SPP/50HA）和巴拿马的BCI（306）SPP/50HA）。某些主要物种的空间模式也与地形变量高度相关。所有这些结果表明，兰比尔雨林的巨大而复杂的建筑的可预测变化，似乎被平衡假设作为热带生物多样性的工作机制所偏爱。通过分析叶片中的同工酶模式来研究遗传多样性，并暗示基因漂移对产生丰富的热带生物多样性的重要性。