Climatic Influence on Asian Tropical Rain Forest Dynamics

气候对亚洲热带雨林动态的影响

基本信息

批准号：
11691194
负责人：
YAMAKURA Takuo
金额：
$ 5.57万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11691194/
关键词：
Tropical rain forest Climate change community dynamics El Nino La Nina Large-scale research plot Malaysia Thailand 気象変

项目摘要

In the Asian tropics, an El Nino event brings a draught, while a La Nina induces wet climate. This study investigates the effect of two contrasting climatic events, El Nino and La Nina, on the forest community dynamics of tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia. Field work was conducted in a lowland tropical rain forest in Malaysia and a lower montane tropical rain forest in Thailand. In the Malaysian site, all the living trees>1.0 cm dbh within a 52-hecatre plot were labeled, mapped, identified to species, and measured by dbh in 1992. The second enumeration was conducted in 1997. The dead trees were observed again in 1999. Out of the 359965 living trees in 1997, 15798 trees died after two years, showing a mortality of 0.022/yr, which is greater than 0.013/yr observed in 1992-1997. The increase of mortality suggests the impact of El Nino(1997/1998)and La Nina(1998/1999)on forest dynamics. The mortality rate of 0.013/yr gives an estimate of 9359 dead trees in 1998 and 1999, when El Nino … More and La Nina could not hypothetically occurred. Therefore 6439 trees are estimated to be killed by El Nino and Lanina. The number of dead trees within the new landslide areas of 0.32 ha in 1999 is 2235. Hence the trees killed by El Nino are equivalent to 4204. These estimates suggest the mortality rate of 0.012 due to El Nino and that of 0.0064 due to La Nina. The dependency of mortality rates on topography is clear, since mortality rates are higher on ridges than in valleys. A multiple regression analysis on illipe nut exports from Sarawak showed a strong correlation between exported illipe nut quantities and draft probability, which is defined by the ratio of the monthly number of weather stations with rainfall less than 100 mm/month to the monthly total number of available weather stations in Sarawak. In the montane forest of Thailand, population dynamics of Fagaceae and Lauraceae speices were monitored in a 15 ha plot. However, no clear sympotoms were observed, concerning the relationships between forest dynamics and El Nino/La Nina. Although the unusual cold temperature of minus 3.2 C was observed on 25 December 1999, flowering did not occurred in the spring 2000, suggesting another flowering trigger different from dipterocarps in Malaysia. Less

在亚洲热带地区，埃尔尼诺（El Nino）事件带来了阻力，而拉尼娜（La Nina）会影响潮湿的气候。这项研究调查了两个对比的气候事件的影响El Nino和La Nina对东南亚热带雨林森林社区动态的影响。现场工作是在马来西亚的低地热带雨林和泰国山地较低的热带雨林进行的。在马来西亚的地点，所有活树> 1.0 cm> 1.0 cm dbh在52次the的地块内被标记，映射，确定为物种，并由DBH在1992年进行测量。第二次枚举是在1997年进行的。在1999年再次观察到死树。在1997年再次观察到了1997年的35965年，在1997年的15798年中，它的往返于15798年的YERR YER，这是一定的15798年。 1992 - 1997年观察到0.013/年。死亡率的增加表明El Nino（1997/1998）和La Nina（1998/1999）对森林动力学的影响。 1998年和1999年，估计埃尔·尼诺（El Nino）……更多和拉尼娜（La Nina）无法假设发生9359棵枯树的死亡率估计为9359棵枯树。因此，据估计有6439棵树被埃尔尼诺（El Nino）和拉纳纳（Lanina）杀死。 1999年，新的滑坡区域内的枯树数量为0.32公顷，为2235。因此，埃尔尼诺（El Nino）杀死的树木相当于4204。这些估计表明，由于厄尔尼诺（El Nino）而导致的0.012死亡率为0.012，由于La Nina而导致的0.0064。死亡率对地形的依赖性很明显，因为山脊上的死亡率高于山谷。对砂拉越的疾病螺母出口的多元回归分析表明，出口不适的螺母数量和草案概率之间存在很强的相关性，这是由降雨降雨量低于100 mm的天气站的比率，与砂拉越的可用天气站的月度总数低于100 mm/月。在泰国的山地森林中，在15公顷的地块中监测了fagaceae和lauraceae Speices的种群动态。但是，没有观察到有关森林动力学与El Nino/La Nina之间关系的明确符号。尽管在1999年12月25日观察到了不寻常的3.2℃的异常冷温，但在2000年春季没有开花，这表明另一个开花触发因素与马来西亚的双层甲虫不同。较少的