The Effect of Water Works Layout to the Plot Planning of Artisan Dwelling Section in Castle Towns - The Study of Japanese Castle Towns in Term of the Water Works as Urban Facilities-

水厂布局对城下町工匠住宅区地块规划的影响-以水厂作为城市设施的日本城下町研究-

基本信息

批准号：
02805075
负责人：
HATANO Jun
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Nippon Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02805075/
关键词：
Castle town Water works Artisan dwelling section 暗渠町人地職人町鍛冶屋紺屋鍛治屋

项目摘要

A characteristic of the Japanese castle towns is enrichment of town facilities. Castle-town planning philosophy is embodied clearly in a design of water works, in particular, to provide drinking water.The structure of water works is divided into an open duct type and a covered duct type. The open water works was constructed exclusively for a samurai residential zone with a primary purpose of a defensive means of castle towns in the end of the 16th century. It was then expanded to a townspeople dwelling zone around the mid-17th century. The covered water works was initiated in about 1620s and in full-scale use from the mid-17th century downward.Arrangement plans of water works show that a change was made from a way to provide surplus water of the samurai residential zone to the townspeople onne to a systematic water works to separate the townspeople zone from the samurai one. A special water works system was adopted for such sections of the townspeople zone that were lived by artisans including dyers and smiths requiring water for their callings, and at the same time these sections were located at the tip of the flow of water works. As works of smiths changed from production of weapons to that of farm implements, the special system became no longer necessary and only the principle of placing artisan dwelling sections at end of water works survived.

日本城下町的一个特点是城镇设施的丰富。城下町的规划理念在水厂的设计中得到了明确的体现，特别是提供饮用水。水厂的结构分为明管式和有盖管式。露天水厂是专为武士住宅区建造的，主要目的是 16 世纪末城下町的防御手段。大约在 17 世纪中叶，它被扩建为城镇居民的居住区。有盖自来水厂于1620年代左右启动，从17世纪中叶开始全面使用。自来水厂的布置图显示，武士住宅区的剩余水直接向镇民提供的方式发生了变化。建立一套系统化的水利工程，将城镇居民区与武士区分开。城镇居民区内的染工和铁匠等工匠居住的区域采用了特殊的水厂系统，这些区域的工作需要水，同时这些区域位于水厂水流的顶端。随着铁匠的工作从生产武器转向生产农具，特殊的系统不再必要，只有在水厂末端放置工匠住宅区的原则得以幸存。