U. S. -Japan joint research on the molecular pathology of host-specific-toxin-depending fungal infection to plants

美日联合研究植物宿主特异性毒素依赖性真菌感染的分子病理学

基本信息

批准号：
02044099
负责人：
KOHMOTO Keisuke
金额：
$ 9.41万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

l. Occurrence of AM-toxin an ACT-toxin producing Alternaria Alternata in North America : The pathogen for new alternariosis on Delicious lines in North Carolina apple orchards was found to produce AM-toxin I by bioassay and HPLC analysis, and to fall into the apple pathotype of Alternaria alternate.2. Biochemical analysis revealed that although AK-, ACT-, AM-, ACR- and HMT-toxins have different primary targets in susceptibility genotypes, they exert in common an ability to induce host-specifically the accessibility to invader by nullifying dynamic defense mechanisms in plant cells.3. Pyricularia oryzae causing rice blast produced an infection-inducing factor on germination, which may involve in establishment of the basic compatability between rice plants and the fungus.4. Detection and isolation of toxin receptors : (1) Covalent binding sites of victorin (HV-toxin) in oat leaf tissues were detected by polyclonal, antibodies : in vivo binding of victorin to proteins of 100 and 45 Kd was … More observed in both susceptible and resistanit cultivars of oats, and also, in vitro binding to 100, 55 and 45 Kd in both genotypes. (2) AK-toxin was found to bind to plasma membranes purified from susceptible cultivar, but not those from resistant, of Japanese pear. To confirm, polyclonal anti-AK-toxin antibodies are raising in rabbits.5. Cochliobolus carbonum race 1 possesses two multifunctional enzymes required for HC-toxin cyclic peptide synthesis, HTS-1 & HTS-2, which activate-certain member amino acids by ATP/PPI exchange. A partial CDNA clone, encoding HTS-1 (220 kd) was identified using a specific polyclonal anti-HTS-1 antibody and by hybridization, to a synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to the amino acid sequence of a tryptic peptide of the enzyme. The gene for HTS-1 is part of a contiguous 22 kb of DNA that is present in isolates of the fungus that make HC-toxin and is lacking in those that do not.6. An efficient integrative transformation system (PDH25rla) for Alternaria alternata was established by using a plasmid vector PDH25 and a highly repetitive ribosomalRNA gene cluster (rDNA) of A. alternata. The transformation occurred by homologous recombination as a single crossover between the plasmid-borne RDNA segment and its homologue in the chromosome.7. HC-toxin reductase that inactivates HC-toxin at the essential carbonyl group, is detectable only in extracts of maize that are resistant to C. carbonium race 1 (genotype Hm/Hm or Hm/hm). Less

l。在北美的奥利纳苹果园（Olina Apple Orlods）的出现AM-Toxin Act tos to the Enter.2。通过将植物细胞中的防御机制取消，可以诱导宿主特定于入侵者的能力。3。通过多克隆检测到燕麦叶组织中的维多林（HV-toxin）的体内结合100和45 kd的体内结合。 KD在两种基因型中。 HTS-2，通过ATP/PPI交换激活确定成员的氨基，使用多克隆抗HTS-1抗体和杂交与氨基酸序列相关的部分cDNA克隆。酶的胰蛋白酶肽的基因。通过使用质粒载体PDH25建立了替代品，并高度重复的核糖体基因簇（rDNA）a的替代品。 HC毒素还原酶基因型1（基因型1（基因型1）M/HM或HM/HM）