Economic Analysis of Institutions for Transactions of Information

信息交易机构的经济分析

基本信息

批准号：
01530004
负责人：
ONIKI Hajime
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objective of this project was to investigate from the economic standpoint the function of alternative institutions for transactions of information and information goods. Attention was drawn to the presence of the cost of copying information, the cost of protecting information from being copied, and the cost of protecting the right of information ownership (i. e., the intellectual property right). Ultimately, this project intends to contribute to improving existing institutions for transactions of information and to creating new institutions which can facilitate efficient production and transactions of information and information goods.A model to explain the process of production, transaction, and usage of information and information goods was constructed. Three economic agents were considered : (i) the producer of information, who maximizes the difference of revenues from selling information he produced and the costs of information production and protection of information from bein … More g copied, given technology of information production and technology of copy prevention, (ii) the copier of information, who maximizes the difference of revenues from selling (copied) information and the costs of copying original information, and (iii) the user of information, who maximizes his utility obtained from purchasing and using original or secondary information. An equilibrium in the market in which information is transacted by these three agents was investigated.Second, a theoretical framework of designing desirable institutions for information transactions (including the extent as well as the mode of protecting ownership of information) was investigated by itemizing factors affecting model analysis. In particular, the social benefit obtained from new information, the social cost of producing and reproducing (i. e., copying) information, the social cost of protecting information from being copied, the social cost of breaking information protection, and the need of incentives for information production were considered. Some of the problems which would arise in building such a model are identified. It is concluded that a general theoretical approach to this problem would be difficult ; practical methods such as Monte Carlo study would be more appropriate. Less

该项目的目的是从经济角度调查信息和信息商品交易的替代机构的功能，并关注复制信息的成本、保护信息不被复制的成本以及成本。最终，该项目旨在促进改善现有的信息交易制度并创建新的制度，以促进信息和信息产品的高效生产和交易。模型来解释生产、交易和考虑了三个经济主体：（i）信息生产者，他最大化销售他生产的信息的收入差异以及信息生产和保护信息免遭复制的成本。，考虑到信息生产技术和防复制技术，（ii）信息复制者，最大化销售（复制）信息的收入与复制原始信息的成本之间的差异，以及（iii）信息的使用者，他最大化信息的复制者。最大化他从购买和使用原始或使用中获得的效用研究了这三个主体进行信息交易的市场均衡。其次，研究了设计理想的信息交易制度（包括保护信息所有权的程度和模式）的理论框架。特别是，列举了影响模型分析的因素，从新信息中获得的社会效益，生产和复制（即复制）信息的社会成本，保护信息不被复制的社会成本，破坏信息保护的社会成本，以及信息生产需要激励措施考虑到建立这样一个模型时会出现的一些问题，得出的结论是，使用蒙特卡罗研究等实用方法会更合适。