Establishment of Cropping System at Paddy Field by Paddy-Upland Rotation System

水田水旱轮作制度的建立

• 批准号: 62560223
• 负责人: KUDO Akihiko
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Akita Prefectural College of Agriculture
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62560223/
• 关键词: Paddy-Upland Rotation System; Cropping System at Paddy Field; Land Use by Group Farming; Group Farming; 土地利用方式; ブロックローテーイション; 田輪転換

In Tohoku region, the total area of rice field in collective use, in the broadest sense of the term, amounts to 92,000 ha, of which 5,800 ha is used to grow crops other than rice in some organized ways. Most of these crops are soybeans and barley which have access to larger subsidy.Because of these findings, it is presumed that there are still very few cares of real collective land use which can be cited as good examples of new use of rice fields.Next, the author reached a conclusion that some form of subsidization is essential as an economic incentive to make collective land use a success. This is because in Tohoku region, rice is the most profitable crop since the cost of production is the lowest of all crops, and to induce farmers to grow crops other than rice, it is necessary to compensate farmers for the price differentials. Moreover, in order to exploit rice fields for cultivation of other crops, the land has to be redeveloped.From an organizational point of view, the author find … More it essential that an organization exists to make adjustment of intricate conflict of interests among the farmers concerned and to make it possible for them to reach a consensus. The traditional consensus-reaching system in farming villages could be used as such an organization, provided that it is assisted by the agricultural cooperatives and governmental agencies from time to time as necessary.In order for a collective land use to be a successful venture, it is necessary for the parties concerned to have an independent management body capable of giving maximum satisfaction to the common interests of members while pursuing its own interest at the same time and in an effective manner.Lastly, so-called "large-scale farms", "diverse agricultural organizations" or "cooperative management, are unlikely to play the role of such an organization successfully. Instead, it seems that some form of "village-based agricultural enterprises" or "cooperative agricultural enterprise" needs to be developed to that end. Less

在东北地区，广义上的集体利用稻田总面积达 92,000 公顷，其中 5,800 公顷用于有组织地种植水稻以外的农作物。获得较大补贴的是大豆和大麦。由于这些发现，推测人们仍然很少关心真正的集体土地利用，这可以作为水稻新利用的好例子接下来，作者得出的结论是，某种形式的补贴作为使集体土地使用成功的经济激励是必不可少的。这是因为在东北地区，稻米是最有利可图的作物，因为生产成本是最低的。为了引导农民种植水稻以外的作物，必须对农民进行价格差异补偿，而且为了开发稻田种植其他作物，必须重新开发土地。从组织角度来看。看来，笔者发现……更多吧必须有一个组织来调节农民之间错综复杂的利益冲突，使他们能够达成共识，只要是这样的组织，就可以采用农村传统的协商一致制度。必要时得到农业合作社和政府机构的协助。为了使集体土地利用成为一项成功的事业，有关各方必须有一个能够最大限度地满足共同利益的独立管理机构会员在追求自身利益的同时最后，所谓的“规模化农场”、“多元化农业组织”或“合作化经营”等，都不太可能成功发挥这种组织的作用。相反，某种形式的“乡村农业”似乎为此需要发展“企业”或“合作农业企业”。