A Study on the Cordinating System of Food and Agricultural Problems in Contemporary East Asian Countries

当代东亚国家粮食与农业问题协调体系研究

• 批准号: 11660211
• 负责人: KUDO Akihiko
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11660211/
• 关键词: Economic Crisis of East Asia; Economic Development; Land Regulation; Agricultural Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Labor-intensive Industry; Export-led Industrialization; Environment Problem of Agriculture; NIES; ASEAN; 中国; 食糧需給; 経済成長; ベトナム; Economic Crisis of East Asia; Economic Development; Land Regulation; Agricultural Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Labor-intensive Industry; Export-led Industrialization; Environment Problem of Agriculture; NIES; ASEAN; 中国; 食糧需給; 経済成長; ベトナム

This Study examines the emerging problems and policy of agriculture, including environmental aspects, in contemporary East Asian countries, since their rapid economic growth in early 90' was likely to be very much influential on agriculture.In each country in the region, agricultural problems, which stem from its relative weakness in economy, have been made up for by economic growth in non-agricultural sector, as seen in their export-oriented industrialization. However, such a development strategy was not only just failed in solving impoverishment of peasants but also made the situation even serious after monetary crisis in 1997.Rapid urbanization in Korea causes agro-environmental problems by weakening the producing power of agriculture, so that income compensation for the agricultural land maintenance was applied to promote the environment-friendly agriculture.In China agricultural problems turn out to be income gaps between agriculture and industry as well as disparity among regions because expansion of non-agricultural sector was not enough to absorb the extreme abundant population in rural area.Vietnamese case shows that its reaction to the expansion of export opportunity in agricultural is likely to bring about income gaps among farmers since some can approach the chance but the others not. Those changes have been caused from its exsport enhancement policy combined with foreign investment opportunity.Those new types of agricultural problems above, of course, differ according to the countries, but all are commonly caused by overpopulation and environment aggravation, which did not exist before. Counter measures were taken, but its success or limits are not shown yet.

这项研究探讨了当代东亚国家的农业的新出现问题和政策，因为它们在90年代初期的经济快速增长可能对农业产生了很大影响。在该地区的每个国家，农业问题，由于经济在非农业领域的经济增长而造成了农业问题，这些问题源于经济上的相对疲软。然而，这种发展策略不仅在解决农民的贫困方面失败了，而且在1997年的货币危机之后，局势甚至使情况变得严重。韩国的破碎城市化会导致农业的产量通过削弱农业的生产能力，从而使农业界的收入促进农业企业企业范围，从而削弱了农业范围的收入。由于非农业部门的扩大不足以吸收农村地区的极端人口，因此农业和工业以及差异。Vietnames案件表明，其对农业出口机会扩大的反应可能会带来农民之间的收入差距，因为有些人可以接近机会，但没有机会。这些变化是由于其前运动增强政策以及外国投资机会所引起的。当然，这些新型农业问题的新型农业问题根据国家而有所不同，但所有这些问题通常都是由于人口过多和环境加重而引起的，这些问题以前不存在。采取了反措施，但尚未显示其成功或限制。