Experimental analyses on cultural behaviors in a troop of Japanese monkeys: acquisition and transmission of token-use behavior.

日本猴子群体文化行为的实验分析：令牌使用行为的获取和传播。

基本信息

批准号：
62510051
负责人：
ASANO Toshio
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
AICHI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The first experiment was designed to study if Japanese monkeys were able to acquire new behavior which involved usage of token to obtain a grain of soybean under a semi-natural group setting. A troop of Japanese monkeys kept in a corral(WAKASA group in Inuyama;N=26) who had long experience to press a key to obtain soybean were used for this study. Picking up one of the balls scattered around the intelligence panel and dropping it into the receiving tray on the panel activated the feeder for a grain of soybean. Behaviors of monkeys shown near the panel were recorded in a hand held computer by the experimenter who was able to name all the members of the troop. First monkeys were adapted to golfballs until they ceased biting the balls. No spontaneous drops of the ball was observed for six sessions, even after the experimenter had acted as a model showing monkeys how to use a ball to obtain a soybean. Then, the experimenter teached two monkeys who showed continual attention to the panel. The method of successive approximation in operant conditioning was applied. Eventually a young female succeeded in learning to carry a ball from distant site and drop into the tray. Obsevation continued for several sessions to gather the transmission to other members of the troop. However no imitator was found even in a few months later. These results suggested that imiation might not play important roll in transmission of cultural behaviors in natural troops of Japanese monkeys.

第一个实验旨在研究日本猴子是否能够获取新的行为，该行为涉及令牌使用以在半天然群体环境下获得大豆粒。一群日本猴子一直在畜栏中（Inuama的Wakasa群体； n = 26），他们有很长的经验按下钥匙以获取大豆。捡起一个散布在情报面板上的球并将其放入面板上的接收托盘中，激活了进料器的大豆。实验者能够将所有部队的所有成员命名为手持计算机，记录在面板附近显示的猴子的行为。第一批猴子被改编成高尔夫球，直到他们停止咬球。即使在实验者充当模型后，也没有观察到六节的自发滴球，这是猴子如何使用球获得大豆的模型。然后，实验者教两只猴子，他们不断关注面板。应用了操作调节中连续近似的方法。最终，一位年轻的女性成功地学习了从遥远的地点携带球并落入托盘。诉说继续进行了几次会议，以将传播收集给部队的其他成员。但是，即使在几个月后，也没有发现任何模仿者。这些结果表明，Imiation可能在日本猴子的自然部队的文化行为传播时可能并不重要。