Studies on genetic elimination of seed lipoxygenase for utilization of soybeans.

大豆种子脂氧合酶遗传消除研究.

基本信息

批准号：
60560001
负责人：
KITAMURA Keisuke
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Iwate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60560001/
关键词：
lipoxygenase isozymes genetic elimination 抑臭大豆

项目摘要

Normal soybean seeds contain three lipoxygenase isozymes, L-1, L-2, and L-3. These isozymes are responsible for the generation of objectionable grassy beany flavors which build a barrier against the wide utilization of soy protein products. By the use of the lipoxygenase lacking mutants, L-1-less, L-2-less and L-3-less soybeans, we have been attempting to breed soybeans with low levels of the objectionable grassy flavors. The objective in this investigation is to clarify whether any defects occur in the important agricultural traits in the lipoxygenase lacking soybeans.New techniques using the carotene bleaching activity of lipoxygenase were developed for the detection of L-1, L-2 and L-3, Respectively. By the use of the new techniques, about ten thousands progeny seeds from L-1-less X L-2-less crosses were analyzed. However, no double mutant seeds lacking both L-1 and L-2 have been identified indicating that the <Lx_1> locus tightly links with the <Lx_2> locus.Three to four backcrosse … More s were made to the recurrent parents 'Suzuyutaka' to obtain the near-isogenic lines lacking L-1, L-2, L-3, L-1・L-3, and L-2・L-3, respectively. By using the near-isogenic lines, the performance on the characters such as productivity and plant growth was evaluated in Morioka and Tsukuba. The results showed that no significant physiological and morphological differences through each stage of germination, early growth, flowering and seed development among the lines and var. Suzuyutaka. Moreover, no difference of seed damages by insect pests, such as pod borer or stink bugs was observed among the lines in both places.In another experiment, it was shown that there was no significant difference in activity levels of leaf and youg pod lipoxygenases that have been thought to play physiologically important roles among the lines and var. Suzuyutaka.These results indicate that it is possible to breed soybean varieties with low levels of the undesirable lipoxygenase actions by the use of the lipoxygenase lacking soybeans. Less

正常大豆种子含有三种脂氧合酶同工酶，L-1、L-2 和 L-3，这些同工酶会产生令人讨厌的草豆味，从而阻碍了大豆蛋白产品的广泛使用。由于缺乏脂氧合酶突变体，即 L-1、L-2 和 L-3 较少的大豆，我们一直在尝试培育具有低水平的令人讨厌的草腥味的大豆。本研究的目的是明确缺乏脂氧合酶的大豆的重要农业性状是否存在缺陷。开发了利用脂氧合酶的胡萝卜素漂白活性来检测L-1、L-2和L-的新技术。 3、通过使用新技术，分别分析了大约一万个无L-1 X L-2杂交的后代种子，但尚未分析出同时缺乏L-1和L-2的双突变种子。已鉴定表明<Lx_1>位点与<Lx_2>位点紧密相连。对轮回亲本“Suzuyutaka”进行3至4次回交，以获得缺少L-1、L-2、L-的近等基因系。 3、L-1·L-3和L-2·L-3分别通过使用近等基因系，在盛冈和植物生长等性状上进行了评价。结果表明，各品系和品种在发芽、早期生长、开花和种子发育的各个阶段没有显着的生理和形态差异，此外，豆荚螟或臭虫等害虫对种子的损害也没有差异。在这两个地方的品系中都观察到了虫子。在另一项实验中，结果表明，叶和幼荚脂氧合酶的活性水平没有显着差异，而这些脂氧合酶被认为在品系和幼荚中发挥着重要的生理作用。这些结果表明，通过使用缺乏脂氧合酶的大豆，可以培育出具有低水平的不良脂氧合酶作用的大豆品种。