New Technologies of DMFC

DMFC新技术

基本信息

批准号：
13134101
负责人：
YAMAZAKI Yohtaro
金额：
$ 22.14万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The fuel cells for liquid alcohol fuels are studied intensively. Alcohols are more suitable for fuels than hydrogen because we easily store and transport. In this project direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and direct ethanol fuel cells are mainly investigated in order to support the efforts to develop their practical use. First the factors preventing the practical use of DMFCs are summarized as: (1) low efficiency for power generation, (2) low power density, (3) high material cost, (4) too large for portable applications, (5) toxicity of methanol. Then the basic 5 approaches were designed to solve the problems. They are : (1) reduction of the methanol cross over, (2) development of a high current density electrode and high temperature electrolyte materials, (3) reduction of the platinum loading on the DMFC electrodes, and development of new catalysis without containing precious metals, (4) development of MEMS fuel cells for miniaturization, (5) studying direct ethanol fuel cells.The fo … More llowing solutions for the 5 problems were obtained as the result of this project. (1) A new type of membrane namely the pore-filling membrane was developed, and its MEA gives high performance with high concentration methanol fuel (around 10M). (2) A novel DMFC with a porous carbon substrate was developed to reduce the methanol cross over, and the single cell showed a high I-V performance even at high methanol concentration (as high as 17M). (3) APt/SnOx catalyst was synthesized on a well controlled surface of carbon nano-tubes by self-organization. Such nano-structure is promising for the reduction of Pt loading in DMFCs. (4) Novel micro DMFCs based on MEMS technology were designed and fabricated. This technology reduces the number of the components in a DMFC and reduces the assembly cost as well as reduces their sizes. (5) A direct ethanol fuel cell is studied and the behavior of the acetaldehyde which is an intermediate product in the anode reaction was investigated. The knowledge obtained in this analysis contributes to the realization of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). Less

液体酒精燃料的燃料电池进行了大量研究。与氢相比，酒精更适合燃料，因为我们很容易存储和运输。在该项目中，主要研究了直接甲基烯醇燃料电池（DMFC）和直接的乙醇燃料电池，以支持开发其实际使用的努力。首先，阻止DMFC实际使用的因素总结为：（1）发电的低效率，（2）低功率密度，（3）高材料成本，（4）对于便携式应用而言太大，（5）甲醇的毒性。然后设计了基本的5种方法来解决问题。 They are: (1) reduction of the methanol cross over, (2) development of a high current density electrode and high temperature electrolyte materials, (3) reduction of the platinum loading on the DMFC electrons, and development of new catalysts without containing precious metals, (4) development of MEMS fuel cells for miniaturization, (5) studying direct ethanol fuel cells.The fo … More llowing solutions for the 5 problems were obtained as the这个项目的结果。（1）开发了一种新型的膜，即填充毛孔，其MEA具有高浓度的甲醇燃料（约10m）的高性能。（2）开发了具有多孔碳底物的新型DMFC，以减少甲醇交叉，即使在高甲醇浓度下（高达17m），单细胞也会显示出高I-V的性能。（3）通过自组织将APT/SNOX催化剂合成在碳纳米管的良好控制表面上。有望减少DMFC中PT载荷的这种纳米结构。（4）设计和制造了基于MEMS技术的新型微型DMFC。这项技术减少了DMFC中组件的数量，并降低了组件成本并减少了它们的尺寸。（5）研究了直接的乙醇燃料电池，并研究了乙醛的行为，该乙醛是阳极反应中一种中间产物的行为。在此分析中获得的知识有助于实现直接乙醇燃料电池（DEFC）。较少的