Studies on Premature Heading and Its Prevent Methods for Early Season Culture and Planting of Extremely Early Rice Cultivars in Warm South-west Japan

温暖的西南部地区极早稻品种早抽穗及其防治方法的研究

基本信息

批准号：
14560012
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Yoshinori
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Kochi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The premature heading of ‘Tosapika', an extremely early rice cultivar bred in Kochi Prefecture occurred in many farmer's fields in the first year of planting (1988). This study was conducted to clarify the factors related to premature heading of the cultivar ‘Tosapika', and to establish a method of cultivation that would prevent premature heading.1.The effective cumulative temperature (base temp. 10℃) after sowing to flag leaf expansion was lower in ‘Tosapika' due to the fewer number of final leaves on the main culm in comparison with the cultivars bred in Hokkaido. The panicle differentiation and development was scarcely influenced by daylength in the seedling of ‘Tosapika' and the panicle formation stage was observed at 301-348℃ days from sowing. These results were suggested that the thermo- and photo-sensitivities and basic vegetative growth of ‘Tosapika' were comparatively small.2.Yield in the premature-heading group (PMHG) was 9-15% lower than that in the control group (CG). In the PMHG the number of spikelets per unit area was lower than in the CG, due to the markedly lower number of spikelets per panicle. The decrease in the number of spikelets, together with the lower percentage of filled grains on the tillers, was considered to be the reason for the lower yield in the PMHG. The apparent quality of the brown rice was low in the PMHG because of the presence of a lot of green rice kernels.3.As the methods of cultivation that would retard premature heading of ‘Tosapika', it was suggested that nursery management such as not topdressing nitrogen after 200℃days from sowing (after 3.5 leaf age) and higher sowing rates for the lowering dry weight/plant height ratio were necessary to retard young panicle differentiation in ‘Tosapika' seedlings as well as an increased basal nitrogen application for the nursery box and leaf cutting treatment during nursery period.

“ Tosapika”的过早标题是高知县繁殖的一种极端早期的水稻品种，发生在许多农民的田野中（1988年）。进行了这项研究是为了澄清与品种“ tosapika”过早标题相关的因素，并建立一种可以防止过早标题的耕种方法。1。播种后旗叶膨胀后的有效累积温度（基本温度10℃）在“ Tosapika”中较低，因为与培养的最终叶子相比，“ Tosapika”的最终叶子较少，而培养了较少的植物，而培养了培养物的最终叶子。圆锥体的分化和发育几乎不受“ tosapika”播种的日长度的影响，并且在播种后的301-348℃天时观察到了圆锥体的地层阶段。这些结果表明，“ tosapika”的热和光敏性和基本蔬菜生长相对较小。2。在早产组（PMHG）中（PMHG）比对照组（CG）低9-15％。在PMHG中，由于每个圆锥花序的尖峰数明显较低，每个单位面积的尖峰数量低于CG。 Spikelets数量的减少以及分ers上填充的谷物百分比的减少被认为是PMHG产量较低的原因。由于存在许多绿色米仁，因此糙米的明显质量较低。3。耕种方法会阻止“ tosapika”的早期趋势，因此建议托儿所的管理，例如在200 feeld play plan plan plan plan（3.5叶子）的较低速度上（在3.5叶子上）的nitrogen，nitrogen不推崇硝基，在3.5叶子上保持了较低的速率，而较高的种植率是较高的种植率，而较高的种植率是在较低的种植型速率中，而高度降低了高度的高度/高度的高度，则降低了高度的高度，降低了高度的高度，降低了高度的速度/高度均可达到高度的高度，降低了高度的成果。 “ Tosapika”幼苗以及在托儿所期间为苗圃盒和切割叶片切割的基本氮施用。