Research on the Solar Corona and Ionosphere based on the Total Solar Eclipse on 11 Aug.1999

基于1999年8月11日日全食的日冕和电离层研究

基本信息

批准号：
11691140
负责人：
ICHIMOTO Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 6.46万
依托单位：
National Astronomical Observatory, Japan
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11691140/
关键词：
Sun Solar corona Total solar eclipse Ionosphere Solar wind Instrument for solar observation 太陽物理学分光観測

项目摘要

Three observation teams were dispatched for the total solar eclipse on 11 August 1999. Teams from the National Astronomical Observatory (NAOJ) and Kyoto University made experiments at Elasig in Turkey. NAOJ performed a spectroscopic observation of the corona on northern pole and obtained 8 fine spectra. They found that the electron temperature of the lower corona was about 2MK, which is significantly high compared with past measurements.Team of the Kyoto University took high resolution coronal images at three temperatures using a 15-cm refractor, 4 types of filters, and CCD camera with 4M pixels. They plan to study the coronal structures in wide temperature range (10^4K=5x10^6K) combining with the data from space observatories.Team of the Kyusyu University observed geomagnetic fields at 5 stations among Europe and southern Africa to investigate the effect of the asymmetric boundary condition for geomagnetic fields during the total solar eclipse. They found a variation of geomagnetic field only in northern hemisphere in which the shadow of the moon passed through, but no variation in southern hemisphere. This implies that there was a closed electric current system in the ionosphere and the effect did not propagate to another hemisphere, This discovery highlighted a new mechanism which inhibits a global current along geomagnetic fields. In 2000, a conference was held in Tokyo in which results from each experiments were presented and future plan of observing total eclipses were discussed extensively.

1999年8月11日，派出了三个观察团队的日食。 Naoj对北极的电晕进行了光谱观察，并获得了8个细光谱。他们发现，下电晕的电子温度约为2MK，与过去的测量值相比，这是显着高的。京都大学使用15 cm折射率，4种滤镜类型的过滤器和带有4M像素的CCD摄像头在三个温度下在三个温度下拍摄了高分辨率的冠状图像。他们计划研究较宽的温度范围内的冠状结构（10^4K = 5x10^6K）与太空观测值的数据相结合。KyusyuUniversity的座位观察到欧洲和南部非洲之间5个站点的地磁田地，以研究在总液体eclipse期间地球磁场不对称边界条件的影响。他们发现，只有在北半球的地磁领域的变化，月球阴影通过，但南半球没有变化。这意味着电离层中有一个封闭的电流系统，并且效果并没有传播到另一个半球，该发现突出了一种新机制，该机制抑制了沿着地磁磁场的全球电流。 2000年，在东京举行了一次会议，其中介绍了每个实验的结果，并广泛讨论了观察总日食的未来计划。