Collaborative Research: Exploring the Thermodynamics of the Corona With Total Solar Eclipse Observations

合作研究：通过日全食观测探索日冕的热力学

• 批准号: 1144707
• 负责人: Martina Arndt
• 金额: $ 5.98万
• 依托单位: BRIDGEWATER STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1144707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exploring; Thermodynamics; Corona

The Principal Investigators (PIs) will observe the upcoming solar eclipses of 2012 (to be seen in northern Australia) and 2013 (to be seen in west Africa) by exploiting multi-wavelength spectral and polarimetric imaging. The goal of these solar eclipse observations is to capitalize on the diagnostic properties of many coronal forbidden emission lines in order to infer electron temperatures, ion densities, abundances, and charge states, as well as the properties of the coronal magnetic field, while applying state-of-the-art image processing techniques. The proposed observations will extend the PI's eclipse data base to span almost a full solar activity cycle. The PIs explain that the spectral emission lines they plan to measure will enable an unambiguous study of the evolutionary track of coronal density structures, of the transition from a collision-dominated plasma to a weakly-collisional plasma where the ion charge states observed in interplanetary space are established, and of the transition from closed to open magnetic field lines in the corona. These data are essential for simulation and modeling of the expansion of the coronal plasma, the physical processes that control the heating and acceleration of the solar wind, and the evolution of the solar magnetic field. The PIs are female scientists who will mentor graduate and undergraduate students, with graduate students participating in the eclipse expeditions and with undergraduates being introduced to research through summer projects. The PIs will develop educational material to be used at both the undergraduate and graduate level, as well as for public outreach. Results will be disseminated to the research community through presentations at conferences and through refereed scientific publications, where it it will be used to help plan instrument development for the next generation of solar corona observing tools.

首席研究人员（PIS）将通过利用多波长光谱和偏光成像来观察2012年即将到来的太阳能日食（在澳大利亚北部）和2013年（可在西非出现）。这些日食观察的目的是利用许多冠状禁止排放线的诊断特性，以推断电子温度，离子密度，丰度和电荷状态以及冠状磁场的特性，同时应用州的特性 - 艺术图像处理技术。所提出的观察结果将扩展PI的日食数据库几乎跨越了一个完整的太阳活动周期。 PI解释说，他们计划测量的光谱发射线将使从碰撞主导的等离子体到弱倾斜的等离子体的过渡，在冠状动脉间的冠状动脉密度结构的进化轨道上进行明确研究建立了从电晕中的封闭到开放磁场线的过渡。这些数据对于模拟和建模冠状血浆的膨胀，控制太阳风的加热和加速的物理过程以及太阳磁场的演变至关重要。 PI是女科学家，他们将指导毕业生和本科生，研究生参加Eclipse探险，并通过夏季项目介绍本科生进行研究。 PI将开发教育材料，以在本科和研究生层面以及公共外展中使用。结果将通过会议上的演讲和被审查的科学出版物传播给研究界，在该会议上将使用它来帮助计划下一代太阳能电晕观察工具的仪器开发。