Development and evaluation of effect for reducing method of summer heat in the environment of urban and biological production

城市与生物生产环境夏季降温方法开发及效果评价

基本信息

批准号：
11556047
负责人：
SUZUKI Yoshinori
金额：
$ 6.08万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11556047/
关键词：
heat island urban environment biological production environment evaporative cooling summer heat roof vegetation water retentive ceramics surface temperature 気化冷却屋根面温度

项目摘要

Air temperatures in the big city such as Fukuoka and Tokyo have been raised more than 2℃ in these 100 years. These heat island phenomena are the sign of global warming at the last half of 21st century. Those are caused by the structure of city covered with concrete and asphalt and the increasing energy consumption associated with condensation of human population. The most important one is the replacement of vegetation to concrete, which brought decreasing of evapotranspiration from ground surface. The purpose of the study is to develop methods of recovering of minus condition brought by structural changes.We conducted experimental studies on the characteristics of evaporative cooling using water retentive ceramic tiles and vegetation on the roof. By the comparisons of surface temperatures between roof with iron material of warehouse and water-retentive ceramic tiles, the temperature decreased was found to be about 20℃ at noon. At this time, the evaporation rate was 0.75 mm/h.As for bio … More logical production environment, we conducted field experiment to improve summer heat in domestic animals's house. Here, we tried to ask goats their feeling about heat. The two types of roof with water retentive ceramic tiles and corrugated iron plate were set. When the sunshine was strong, three goats stayed under the ceramic roof but one goat stayed under the iron roof more than 30 minutes. This was caused by less heat radiation from ceramic roof reacting on lower surface temperature. The wet ceramic roof acts as heat radiation absorber, while the original roof does as heat radiator. Thus, wet ceramics can avoid thermal stress on domestic animal's body, human body as well.Next, we analyzed effect of greenery cover over roofs of a building to thermal environment. On the building 38000 plants are planted shaping step gradens. The surface temperature of vegetation was lower about 30℃ at the highest than that of the concrete surface. We made comparative observation about evapotranspiration using the heat balance method and water balance method. We founded most of net radiation was converted into latent heat by evapotranspiration, and the values estimated from both methods were agree with well. In this case, vegetation acts as heat radiation absorber to a human body. Less

在这100年中，比卡和东京的空气温度超过2°C。植被到混凝土，从地面上降低了蒸发的目的。通过比较屋顶的表面温度与仓库的铁材料和保留陶瓷，发现温度在中午约20°C，蒸发速率为0.75 mm/h。环境，我们进行了典范，以改善家用动物的夏季热量。铁的屋顶超过30分钟。对建筑物的绿色覆盖率分析到植被的表面温度较低。从两种方法中估计的蒸发量都与人体的热辐射相一致