Studies on methods of reducing thermal pollutionin the urvan area

减少城市地区热污染的方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
10680548
负责人：
SUZUKI Yoshinori
金额：
$ 0.58万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10680548/
关键词：
thermal pollution evaporative cooling phase change latent heat water urban area heat island water retentive ceramic tile

项目摘要

As the artificial environment, the cities are on the opposite side of the nature. Air temperatures in the big city such as Fukuoka and Tokyo have been raised about 2ィイD1゜ィエD1cC in these 100 years. This is the sign of global warming at the last half of 21 century. Those were caused by the increasing energy consumption associated with condensation of human population and the structure of city covered with concrete and asphalt. The later is the replacement of vegetation to concrete, which brought decreasing of evaportranspiration.The purpose of the study is to develop the methods of recovering of minus condition brought by structural changes. I conducted experimental study on the characteristics of ability evaporative cooling using water retentive ceramic tile.The comparisons of surface temperatures among water-retentive ceramic tiles rice plants and the original concrete roof surface were examined on fare summer days. Here, the ceramic tiles were laid horizontally and vertically on the r … More oof of 6 storied building. The temperature difference between those wet ceramics and the original concrete roof surface were about 20ィイD1゜ィエD1cC at noon. Temperatures of wet ceramics and rice plants were nearly equal each other, but their daily time course changed slightly depending on the time, if it was fare, or the amount of solar radiation. Heat balance and radiation balance was analyzed. The wet ceramics could consume most of net radiation by changing into latent heat.Next, I discussed on the folding type of ceramic roof of warehouse, which can extend surface evaporative area comparing with flat type roof. The surface temperatures outer side and inner side were much decreased than the original steel roof, and direction of heat radiation from human body inside the room was reversed at noon. The inner thermal pollution was greatly improved.At the same time, the amount of evaporation of flat and slopes facing south and north are 0.86, 0.74 and 0.46 mm/h respectively. Those values are easily converted into latent heat energy.From the points of the characteristics of heat radiation, wet ceramic roof acts as heat radiation absorber, while the original roof does as heat radiator. Thus, wet ceramics can avoid thermal stress on human body. As the effect of decreasing temperature of flat ceramics is enough, so the folding type is not always needed for open wide area. We can achieve a lot of decreasing of thermal pollution in urban area, if we can apply this method to the city. Less

作为人工环境，城市在大自然的另一侧。大约21年的大城市的空气温度已经升高了大约21年。这是21世纪后半叶全球变暖的迹象。这些是由与人口相关的能源消耗增加以及被混凝土和沥青覆盖的城市结构引起的。后来的是将蔬菜替换为混凝土，这导致了蒸发的降低。该研究的目的是开发通过结构变化带来的减去状况的方法。我对使用水位陶瓷瓷砖进行蒸发剂冷却的特征进行了实验研究。在夏季，检查了水含水陶瓷瓷砖水稻植物和原始混凝土屋顶表面的表面温度的比较。在这里，陶瓷瓷砖是水平和垂直放置在R…更多的6座建筑物上的。那些湿陶瓷和原始混凝土屋顶表面之间的温度差约为20 d1cc。湿陶瓷和水稻植物的温度几乎彼此平等，但是它们的日常课程略有变化，具体取决于时间（如果是票价）或太阳辐射的量。分析热平衡和辐射平衡。湿陶瓷可以通过变成潜热的净辐射消耗大部分净辐射。接头，我讨论了仓库的陶瓷屋顶的折叠类型，该陶瓷屋顶可以扩展表面蒸发区域与扁平型屋顶相比。表面温度的外侧和内侧比原始的钢屋顶得到了更大的改善，并且在中午从房间内的人体中的热辐射方向进行了反转。内部的热污染得到了极大的改善。在同一时间，面向南方和北部的平坦和斜坡的蒸发量分别为0.86、0.74和0.46 mm/h。这些值很容易转化为潜热能。从热辐射的特性点来看，湿陶瓷屋顶充当热辐射吸收器，而原始屋顶则作为热散热器。那是湿陶瓷可以避免对人体的热压力。由于平坦陶瓷温度降低的效果足够，因此并非总是需要折叠类型。如果我们可以将此方法应用于城市，我们可以在市区实现大量减少的热污染。较少的