Indices for evaluating sustainable production of cropland, forest land and grassland

农田、林地、草地可持续生产评价指数

• 批准号: 11490015
• 负责人: AKIYAMA Tsuyoshi
• 金额: $ 7.94万
• 依托单位: GIFU University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11490015/
• 关键词: Carbon dynamics; Cropland; Forestland; Grassland; Model; Plant diversity; Remote sensing; Sustainable production; 持続的生産; 土壌呼吸; 土地荒廃; 物質循環; 耕地生態系; 草原生態系; 衛星データ; 環境保全; 生態系; 持続性; 草原; データベース; ベータ・二項分布

Three methods are applied on croplands, forestlands and grasslands in order to evaluate sustainability of production, and developed comprehensive indices for it.【1!○】 Index using carbon dynamics : Carbon budgets were compared under 3 different cropping systems. As the results of calculation of carbon budgets, paddy field is the most sustainable system, then followed double cropping and fee worst was single cropping of upland field. While, carbon storage in a cool-temperate deciduous forest by a precise field sampling method. As the results, it was clarified that 107tC/ha was stored in plants, 334tC/ha in soils. Soil is a large sink of carbon in forest ecosystem.【2!○】 Index using diversity index : Grassland sustainability may be evaluated by diversity of botanical composition and spatial heterogeneity of plant distribution. Grassland team applied beta-binomial distribution on grassland survey in Inner Mongolia steppe. As the results, the process of recovering after fence protection was … More manifested by beta-binomial index.【3!○】 Modeling and remote sensing approach : Real time monitoring is the most important which makes possible the sustainable grassland management. NDVI derived from satellite data clarified seasonal biomass changes of Inner Mongolian grassland. Such model can prevent desertification of grassland allocating appropriate carrying capacity for each village. While, the model obtained from spectral reflectance had high correlation with biological information such as biomass, coverage and plant height. Spectral indices were found suitable for meadow diagnosis.Index stood for continuity of matter cycling was proposed For the calculation of this index, a precise land cover information which needs for model construction of matter cycle in a river basin, and specification of border conditions, were obtained from remote sensing data.As a whole, indices using carbon dynamics is one of the promising methods for the evaluation of land sustainability of ecosystem including forestland, agriculture land, and grassland. However, it needs to develop another indices to compare among ecosystems. Less

为了评估生产的可持续性并为其开发了全面的指标。[1！○]使用碳动力学的指数：在3种不同的农作物系统下比较了碳预算。随着碳预算计算的结果，帕迪场是最可持续的系统，然后是双重裁剪和最差的收费，这是高地田地的单次裁剪。同时，通过精确的场采样方法在凉爽的落叶林中存储碳。结果，可以澄清的是，107tc/ha存储在植物中，土壤中的334tc/ha储存。土壤是森林生态系统中碳的大水槽。 [2！○]使用多样性指数的指数：草原可持续性可以通过植物分布的植物组成和空间异质性的多样性来评估。草原团队在内蒙古草原的草地调查中应用β-二项式分布。作为结果，在围栏保护后恢复的过程是……更明显了beta-binomial指数。 [3！○]建模和远程灵敏度方法：实时监控是最重要的，这使得可持续的草地管理成为可能。源自卫星数据的NDVI阐明了内蒙古草原的季节性生物量变化。这种模型可以防止草地荒漠化为每个村庄分配适当的承载能力。而从光谱反射率获得的模型与生物量，覆盖率和植物高度等生物学信息具有很高的相关性。发现光谱指标适用于草地诊断。提出了用于计算该指数的物质循环连续性的指数摊位，这是一个精确的土地覆盖信息，需要在河流盆地中获得物质周期的模型构建，并且从遥感数据中获得了边界条件的规格。作为遥感数据，使用碳动力学的指标和范围的范围是范围的范围，范围是范围的范围，范围是环境的范围，范围是环境的范围，范围是环境的环境，范围是环境的境地。草原。但是，它需要开发另一个指标来比较生态系统之间。较少的

项目成果

篠田成郎 ほか: "山地森林域における降水中全窒素負荷量の時間変化特性"第8回地球環境シンポジウム論文集. 277-282 (2000)

N. Shinoda 等：“山地森林地区降水中总氮负荷的时变特征”第八届全球环境研讨会论文集 277-282（2000 年）。

Itano, S., Akiyama, T. et al.: "The determination of growth condition in Italian Ryegrass(Lolium multiflolum Lam.) meadows with a hand-held spectrometer"Grassland Science. 47(3). 237-244 (2001)

Itano, S., Akiyama, T. 等人：“用手持式光谱仪测定意大利黑麦草（Lolium multiflolum Lam.）草甸的生长状况”《草原科学》。

篠田成郎他7名: "山地森林域における全窒素流出過程に及ぼす植生分布特性の影響評価"京都大学防災研究所年報. No.44 B-2. 229-245 (2001)

Shigeo Shinoda等7人：“山地森林地区植被分布特征对总氮径流过程的影响评估”京都大学防灾研究所年报第44 B-245号。 ）

Koizumi, H. et al.: "Effect of free-air CO2 enrichment on CO2 exchange at the flood-water surface in a rice paddy field"New Phytologist. 150. 231-239 (2001)

Koizumi, H. 等人：“自由空气 CO2 富集对稻田洪水表面 CO2 交换的影响”《新植物学家》。

秋山 侃(分担執筆): "緑地環境学"文永堂出版. 304 (2001)

Kan Akiyama（撰稿人）：《绿色空间环境研究》Buneido Publishing 304（2001）。