Foreignness and Monarchic Rule in the First World War: A Crisis of Transnational Monarchy, 1914-1927

第一次世界大战中的异族与君主统治：跨国君主制的危机，1914-1927

• 批准号: 410402546
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jörn Leonhard
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Neuere und Neueste Geschichte Westeuropas
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/410402546?language=en
• 关键词: Foreignness; Monarchic; Rule; First; World

The project studies the phenomenon of foreign monarchs and consorts in the age of nationalism. While national ideas increasingly gained influence during the nineteenth century, the transnationality of European monarchies increased at the same time. Because of the creation of new monarchies under foreign princes in newly founded nation-states as well as the intensification of transnational marriage patterns among the European high-aristocracy, the nineteenth century became a peak period of monarchic foreignness. The project systematically analyses foreign monarchies and transnational marriages and detailly examines how these phenomena were affected by the First World War as a crisis of transnational monarchy and period of xenophobic hysteria. In addition to the comparison of the main case studies Romania and Belgium, the project asymmetrically covers several other countries and thereby includes all dimensions of perception and discussion of monarchic foreignness. The tension between transnationality and nationalization was a characteristic element of nineteenth-century monarchy in Europe, which was further problematized by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. As aggressive war nationalism challenged monarchy’s traditional languages of loyalty, foreign-born monarchs and consorts were forced to privately and publicly re-define their relationships to their countries of origin and the nations they ruled. The project investigates accusations and suspicions against foreign kings and queens, researches new developed strategies of legitimation and examines the utilisation of monarchic foreignness. Through a multi-perspective approach to the international discourses around foreign monarchies and monarchical family networks, the project explains the importance of monarchic foreignness for the political processes of the time and shows the influence of the concept of foreign monarchy on the reorganization of the world after the war. Incorporating the interwar period, the project also illustrates that even after 1918 monarchic foreignness and transnationality continued to play a role in national and international politics. Thereby, the project contributes to the comparative study of monarchy and provides new perspectives to the research of nationalism, imperialism and democratization.

该项目研究民族主义时代的外国君主和王妃现象。随着民族观念在十九世纪日益受到影响，欧洲君主政体的跨国性也同时由于新的外国君主统治下的新君主政体的建立而增加。随着民族国家的建立以及欧洲上流贵族跨国婚姻模式的强化，十九世纪成为君主异国性的顶峰时期。该项目最终分析了外国君主制和跨国婚姻，并详细研究了它们是如何产生的。除了对罗马尼亚和比利时主要案例研究的比较之外，该项目还不对称地涵盖了其他几个国家，从而涵盖了感知和讨论的所有方面。跨国性与民族化之间的紧张关系是 19 世纪欧洲君主制的一个特征，1914 年第一次世界大战的爆发进一步加剧了这一问题。君主制的传统语言是忠诚，外国出生的君主和王妃被迫私下和公开地重新定义他们与原籍国和他们所统治的国家的关系。这些项目调查了针对外国国王和王后的指控和怀疑，研究了新的问题。该项目制定了合法化策略，并通过对有关外国君主制和君主制家庭网络的国际话语的多视角研究，解释了君主制外国性对于政治的重要性。该项目反映了当时的进程，并展示了外国君主制概念对战后世界重组的影响，该项目还表明，即使在 1918 年之后，君主制的外国性和跨国性仍然在国家和国际中发挥着作用。因此，该项目有助于君主制的比较研究，并为民族主义、帝国主义和民主化的研究提供新的视角。