The influence of Larsen-C ice-cover on macrobenthic peracarid crustacean assemblages on the Antarctic shelf

拉森-C冰盖对南极陆架大型底栖虾甲壳类动物组合的影响

• 批准号: 403487519
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Angelika Brandt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: British Antarctic Survey
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403487519?language=en
• 关键词: influence; Larsen; ice; cover; macrobenthic

On 12 July 2017, the Larsen-C Ice Shelf calved the largest iceberg (A68) originating from the Antarctic Peninsula ever recorded leaving 5,800 km² of seabed newly exposed to open-marine conditions which had very likely remained ice-covered for centuries or even since the last inter-glacial period. This enables us to address fundamental questions relating to the sustainability of polar continental shelves under climate change, the processes by which benthic populations migrate, and the degree to which the distribution of marine benthos can be used to interpret past responses to climate change. Biodiversity was not studied until 5 and 12 years respectively after the retreats of Larsen-A & B ice shelves. The Larsen-C Pearl project will now investigate the newly exposed shelf before significant colonisation begins from board of the RSS James Clarke Ross in February/March 2018. In 2019 this area will also be sampled from board of the RV Polarstern and it will be able for the first time in polar research to generate a baseline description of biodiversity, benthic community composition, species' turnover and colonisation, trophic structure at the very earliest opportunity underneath a former ice-covered area. This research will be key to producing predictions of the benthic systems’ response to future impacts on further ice-shelf collapse and improve fundamental understanding about the resilience of polar continental shelf ecosystems for a support of effective ecosystem management regulations.The project’s governing hypothesis is: "Until the calving of the Larsen-C iceberg, A68, the benthic fauna on the seabed beneath ice shelf has likely comprised oligotrophic assemblages resembling deep-sea Weddell Sea assemblages. The calving of A68, and the exposure of the seabed to open-marine and sea-ice conditions will initiate a rapid colonisation by new species that will transform the benthic ecosystem significantly within a short timeframe."Larsen-C Pearl will focus on peracarid crustaceans and follow four major objectives: 1. Biodiversity and assemblage structure assessment of the epi- and suprabenthic peracarid crustaceans; 2. Taxonomic descriptions of the selected peracarid species discovered in the Larsen-C area and reconstruction of their phylogeography; 3. Comparison of Larsen-C Year-1 biodiversity and peracarid assemblage structure (PS 118 expedition in 2019) with Year-0 and other areas (e.g. Filchner Trough and the ice free South Orkney Islands as well as deep sea of the Weddell Sea) to investigate turn-over, colonisation and/or succession; 4. Identification of peracarid functional groups beneath the Larsen-C ice shelf in year-0 and the next year after the calving and between ice-free areas.

2017年7月12日，Larsen-C Ice架使最大的冰山（A68）产生了有史以来记录的南极半岛，留下了5,800平方公里的海床，新近暴露于开放式海洋状况下，这很可能已经覆盖了几个世纪或以来几个世纪以来，甚至自上一个几个世纪以来。这使我们能够解决与气候变化下极性连续货架可持续性有关的基本问题，底栖人群迁移的过程以及可以使用海洋底栖生物分布来解释过去对气候变化的反应的程度。 Larsen-A＆B冰架撤退后，生物多样性直到5年和12年才研究。 The Larsen-C Pearl project will now investigate the newly exposed shelf before significant colonisation begins from board of the RSS James Clarke Ross in February/March 2018. In 2019 this area will Also be sampled from board of the RV Polarstern and it will be able for the first time in polar research to generate a baseline description of biodiversity, benthic community composition, species' turnover and colonisation, trophic structure at the very early opportunity在一个以前的冰覆盖区域的下面。这项研究将是对底栖系统对未来对进一步冰壳倒塌的影响的反应的预测的关键，并提高对极地大陆架架子生态系统的弹性，以支持有效的生态系统管理调节的弹性。类似于深海Weddell Sea组合的少亲子组合。评估上皮和上周期的甲壳类动物； 2。在拉尔森-C地区发现的选定的多car虫物种的分类描述及其植物地理学的重建； 3. Larsen-C-1年生物多样性和多核酸组合结构（PS 118探险）与0年级和其他地区（例如Filchner槽和无冰的南奥克尼群岛以及韦德尔海的深海）进行比较，以调查转折，结肠化和/或成功； 4。鉴定在0年级的Larsen-C冰架下以及产犊后的第二年和无冰区域之间的鉴定。