Adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to oxidative stress in temperate environments

果蝇对温带环境氧化应激的适应

• 批准号: 396659416
• 负责人: Professor Dr. John Parsch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Biologie II (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/396659416?language=en
• 关键词: Adaptation; Drosophila; melanogaster; oxidative; stress

Despite the importance of Drosophilids as agricultural pests and genetic workhorses in the lab, their response and acclimatization to environmental temperature variations are not well understood. Understanding the response to temperature is not only of basic biological interest, but also has important implications for how researchers work with and store this important model organism. Furthermore, as climate change alters temperature at a pace that largely prevents genomic adaptations, and expands geographical ranges of pests like Drosophila suzukii, the question how cold-blooded animals like Drosophila alter their physiology and behavior to thrive over a wide range of temperatures will be of strong relevance to control efforts.This proposed Research Unit will take a synergistic, multidisciplinary approach to studying this problem in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii, both in the laboratory and in the field. We will use state of the art microscopy and quantitative image analysis to investigate the how temperature influences the robustness and speed of growth and morphogenesis. We will combine cutting edge approaches in lipidomics with dietary manipulations to further elucidate the contribution of dietary lipids to Drosophila thermal behavior. We will quantify the role of chromatin dynamics as well as mitochondrial variation – both known to display striking temperature sensitivity – and investigate the role of metabolic changes mediated by insulin signaling. Finally, we will uncover seasonal variation of the microbiome in the field, and measure how it influences signaling, lipid composition and the viable temperature range. By fusing these different perspectives, our findings will reveal the combined roles of these interacting factors in the important problem of the acclimatization to temperature.

尽管果蝇作为农业害虫和实验室中的遗传主力很重要，但它们对环境温度变化的反应和适应尚不清楚，了解对温度的反应不仅具有基本的生物学意义，而且对研究人员的工作方式也具有重要影响。此外，随着气候变化使温度变化的速度在很大程度上阻碍了基因组适应，并扩大了铃木果蝇等害虫的地理范围，冷血动物如何喜欢的问题。果蝇改变其生理和行为以在广泛的温度范围内茁壮成长将与控制工作密切相关。拟议的研究单位将采取协同、多学科的方法来研究果蝇和铃木果蝇的这一问题，无论是在实验室还是在果蝇中我们将使用最先进的显微镜和定量图像分析来研究温度如何影响生长和形态发生的稳健性和速度，我们将结合脂质组学的尖端方法。通过饮食控制，进一步阐明饮食脂质对果蝇热行为的影响，我们将量化染色质动力学和线粒体变异的作用（已知两者都表现出惊人的温度敏感性），并研究胰岛素信号传导介导的代谢变化的作用。最后，我们将揭示现场微生物组的季节性变化，并测量它如何影响信号、脂质成分和可行的温度范围。通过融合这些不同的观点，我们的研究结果将揭示这些相互作用因素在重要问题中的综合作用。的适应温度。