X chromosome inactivation in the Drosophila male germline

果蝇雄性种系中的 X 染色体失活

• 批准号: 188666959
• 负责人: Professor Dr. John Parsch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Biologie II (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/188666959?language=en
• 关键词: chromosome; inactivation; Drosophila; male; germline

Drosophila melanogaster females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have only one. This difference in copy number between the sexes makes the X chromosome subject to unique evolutionary forces and gene regulatory mechanisms, such as dosage compensation and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation. In the previous phases of this project, we found that the expression of X-linked genes is suppressed in the male germline, but not in other tissues. The genes and molecular mechanisms responsible for this suppression remain unknown. To identify genes involved in this process, we propose to carry out a forward mutagenesis screen of flies carrying a testis-specific reporter gene on their X chromosome. Mutant genes will be identified using a combination of genetic mapping and next-generation genome sequencing. The results will provide the first genetic insights into this chromosome-specific regulatory process. Furthermore, we will use a ubiquitously-expressed reporter gene to determine the effects of X-linkage and proximity to a chromosomal binding site of the dosage compensation complex on gene expression in multiple tissues. This will allow us to determine the influence of dosage compensation on sex-biased gene expression and how it varies among tissues.

雌性黑腹果蝇有两份 X 染色体，而雄性只有一份。性别之间拷贝数的差异使得 X 染色体受到独特的进化力量和基因调控机制的影响，例如剂量补偿和减数分裂性染色体失活。在该项目的前几个阶段，我们发现X连锁基因的表达在雄性种系中受到抑制，但在其他组织中却没有。导致这种抑制的基因和分子机制仍然未知。为了鉴定参与这一过程的基因，我们建议对 X 染色体上携带睾丸特异性报告基因的果蝇进行正向诱变筛选。将结合遗传图谱和下一代基因组测序来鉴定突变基因。这些结果将为这种染色体特异性调控过程提供第一个遗传学见解。此外，我们将使用普遍表达的报告基因来确定 X 连锁和剂量补偿复合物的染色体结合位点附近对多个组织中基因表达的影响。这将使我们能够确定剂量补偿对性别偏向基因表达的影响以及它在组织之间的变化。

项目成果

X-linkage is not a general inhibitor of tissue-specific gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster

• DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2017.12
• 发表时间: 2017-07-01
• 期刊: HEREDITY
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Argyridou, E.;Huylmans, A. K.;Parsch, J.
• 通讯作者: Parsch, J.

Genomic Analysis of European Drosophila melanogaster Populations Reveals Longitudinal Structure, Continent-Wide Selection, and Previously Unknown DNA Viruses

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa120
• 发表时间: 2020-09-01
• 期刊: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: Kapun, Martin;Barron, Maite G.;Gonzalez, Josefa
• 通讯作者: Gonzalez, Josefa