From Polygraph to Brain Scan: On the Ongoing Appeal and Socio-technical (Re-)Configuration of Lie Detection

从测谎仪到脑部扫描：关于测谎的持续吸引力和社会技术（重新）配置

基本信息

批准号：
320725678
负责人：
Professor Dr. Torsten Voigt
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Soziologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/320725678?language=en
关键词：
Polygraph Brain Scan Ongoing Appeal

项目摘要

The verification a person's statements to gain knowledge about what she or he has said or done is both a historical and a contemporary societal demand. Scientific-technological procedures which meet these desires are commonly referred to as lie detection. The most prominent artefact in this context is the polygraph, which was developed in the 1920s and promised a new quality of lie detection. The validity of the polygraph and similar procedures was continuously challenged but despite this ongoing critique, its use in Germany was never entirely abandoned. Currently, some commentators even postulate their renaissance. This impression is being confirmed by the latest emergence of brain image-based methods of lie detection. Especially in forensic discourses, they are seen as highly potential as they promise to enable a more valid detection of deception because of their neuroscientific based procedures. These claims initiated a new debate about the reliability of lie detection in the context of criminal and civil trials. Regardless of the undeniable societal relevance and importance of this topic, there are no empirical studies for the German context that analyze in which societal realms lie detection practices are actually conducted, in which concrete contexts of actions they are being executed and which expectations and promises are connected to their use. To date, no systematic, sociological analysis of lie detection and its usage in different contexts in Germany exits which is especially true for its sociotechnical contextualisation. This project will provide the first comprehensive overview and analysis of lie detection practices in Germany. It will reconstruct the history of lie detection and its contemporary areas of application in Germany. Furthermore, embedded in the research programme of technography, the project aims at studying which specific expectations are associated with these devices in the different contexts of application and what role the used instruments play concerning their technological-material peculiarity. Finally, the project will analyse which reciprocity between the old polygraphic procedures and the new brain image-based technologies of lie detection can be found, in what ways both legitimate or discredit each other, to be able to reveal current and emerging developments. In general, the project contributes to the analysis of biotechnological innovations und the referring societal implications and to the empirical reconstruction of sociotechnical contexts of interaction.

一个人的陈述以获取她或他所说或所做的陈述既是历史和当代社会需求。符合这些欲望的科学技术程序通常称为谎言检测。在这种情况下，最突出的人工制品是测谎仪，该测谎仪是在1920年代开发的，并承诺了新的谎言检测质量。测谎仪和类似程序的有效性受到了持续的挑战，但是尽管进行了持续的批评，但它在德国的使用从未被完全放弃。目前，一些评论员甚至假设他们的文艺复兴。基于大脑图像的谎言检测方法的最新出现证实了这种印象。尤其是在法医话语中，由于他们的基于神经科学的程序，它们被认为具有更有效的欺骗检测是高潜力的。这些主张在刑事和民事审判的背景下发起了有关谎言检测可靠性的新辩论。不管该主题的不可否认的社会相关性和重要性如何，对于德国背景来说，没有任何经验研究实际上进行了社会领域的谎言实践，在这种情况下，他们正在执行他们被执行的具体行动以及期望和诺言是什么。连接到他们的使用。迄今为止，在德国出口的不同情况下，还没有对谎言检测及其用法进行的系统性分析，这对于社会技术环境化尤其如此。该项目将对德国的第一个全面概述和分析。它将重建谎言检测的历史及其在德国的当代应用领域。此外，该项目嵌入了技术研究计划中，旨在研究哪些特定期望与这些设备在不同的应用背景下与这些设备相关，以及所使用的仪器在其技术材料特点上所扮演的角色。最后，该项目将分析旧的测谎过程与基于大脑图像的新技术之间的互惠，以哪种方式彼此合法或抹黑，以揭示当前和新兴的发展。总的来说，该项目有助于分析生物技术创新，并参考社会含义以及社会技术互动环境的经验重建。