Dealing with stress in space and time: plasticity, evolvability and dispersal in temporally and spatially varying environments

处理空间和时间上的压力：时空变化环境中的可塑性、进化性和分散性

基本信息

批准号：
273823547
负责人：
Privatdozent Dr. Thomas Hovestadt, since 6/2017
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie und Tropenbiologie (Zoologie III)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/273823547?language=en
关键词：
Dealing stress space time plasticity

项目摘要

One major current focus of eco-evolutionary research lies on the ability of species to cope with rapid changes in environmental conditions, either in space or time. When populations face such challenges, they either have to adapt to, tolerate or track these changing conditions by dispersal. Otherwise, extinction is inevitable. If besides changing mean trends (like e.g. mean global temperature) also environmental variability is increasing, the ability of species to cope with these changes is crucial. In the proposed modelling project I want to investigate, under which specific conditions either dispersal, phenotypic plasticity or increased evolvability are optimal mechanisms allowing for adaptation sensu lato. I will therefore use a model of annual species living in spatially structured populations, which was successfully applied to several eco-evolutionary research questions before. The individuals will have heritable strategies, which define (1) their niche width (i.e. degree of phenotypic plasticity), (2) their degree of evolvability (implemented as the mutation rate of local adaptation) and (3) their propensity to emigrate from their natal patch. In the first proposed work package I will focus on the evolution of plasticity vs. evolvability, while keeping dispersal fixed. Evolution of the latter will be included in a second work package, allowing me to disentangle the role and potential contribution of each mechanism to population survival. For these two work packages I will consider only temporally changing conditions, ignoring the role of space with regard to any spatial autocorrelation of strategies and landscape parameters. In a third work package, however, I will explicitly consider the role of space and investigate the eco-evolutionary dynamics of plasticity, evolvability and dispersal during range expansion and climate-driven range shifts. The results of this project will not only be beneficial for future attempts to project the changes in ecosystems during impending environmental changes, but may also contribute to a better understanding of the role of (epi)genetic processes for the ecology and evolution of species.

生态进化研究的一个主要重点是物种应对时空或时间上的环境条件快速变化的能力。当人口面临这些挑战时，他们要么必须适应，容忍或通过分散跟踪这些变化的条件。否则，灭绝是不可避免的。如果除了改变平均趋势（例如平均全球温度）外，环境变异性也在增加，物种应对这些变化的能力至关重要。在提出的建模项目中，我想研究在特定条件下，分散，表型可塑性或增强性的增强性是最佳机制，可以适应Sensu Lato。因此，我将使用生活在空间结构化种群中的年度物种模型，该物种以前成功地应用于几个生态进化的研究问题。个人将有可遗传的策略，该策略定义了（1）其利基宽度（即表型可塑性程度），（2）其可演化性程度（以局部适应的突变率实施）和（3）他们从其移民的倾向出生补丁。在第一个建议的工作包中，我将重点关注可塑性与可变性的演变，同时保持固定。后者的演变将包括在第二个工作包中，使我能够解散每种机制对种群生存的作用和潜在贡献。对于这两个工作包，我将仅考虑暂时变化的条件，而忽略了空间在策略和景观参数的任何空间自相关方面的作用。但是，在第三个工作包中，我将明确考虑空间的作用，并研究范围扩展和气候驱动范围变化的可塑性，可发展性和分散的生态进化动力学。该项目的结果不仅将有助于未来在即将发生的环境变化期间投射生态系统变化的尝试，而且还可能有助于更好地理解（EPI）遗传过程对物种生态学和进化的作用。