CAS-Climate: CAREER: A Unified Zero-Carbon-Driven Design Framework for Accelerating Power Grid Deep Decarbonization (ZERO-ACCELERATOR)

CAS-气候：职业：加速电网深度脱碳的统一零碳驱动设计框架（零加速器）

• 批准号: 2338158
• 负责人: Jian Shi
• 金额: $ 50.09万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-03-01 至 2029-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338158&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAS; Climate; CAREER; Unified; Zero

This NSF CAREER project aims to establish a transformative and convergent zero-carbon-driven framework to add the urgently needed carbon perspective into the design, operation, and control of electric power systems. The project will bring transformative changes to electric power systems, which are heavily dependent on fossil fuels and carbon-intensive processes. This will be achieved by developing and integrating new carbon-driven mechanisms, methodologies, and algorithms into the existing power grid operation paradigm to accelerate its decarbonization. The intellectual merits of the project include: 1) A mathematical framework to model carbon allowance allocation and forward emission trading, 2) the hypothesis of a carbon balance market as a spot market mechanism for maintaining continuous grid cleanliness, 3) load profile-based carbon accounting and forecasting methods, paired with an integrated electricity-carbon digital twin, 4) a game theoretic carbon response program to maximize demand-side carbon reduction. The broader impacts of the project include: 1) Providing an integrative blueprint for policymakers, electricity producers, grid operators, and consumers regarding their respective roles in expediting the decarbonization of the electric power sector, 2) addressing the current knowledge gap and raising awareness of energy transition within the U.S. workforce and classrooms, and 3) strengthening Houston's leadership in the global energy transition.Outdated assets, well-established regulatory structures, and rigid operational requirements make power system decarbonization challenging. This project aims to establish an urgently needed carbon-driven framework to align with the U.S. government’s commitment to fully decarbonize the power sector by 2035, while maintaining its desired operational characteristics and societal responsibilities. The project will answer the following key research questions: 1) How to design an effective carbon allowance assignment strategy to incentivize emission reduction actions without imposing excessive costs on ratepayers? 2) How can new emission trading mechanisms be integrated into the existing electricity market to facilitate efficient carbon exchange? 3) How can the carbon impacts of consumers' electricity consumption activities be accurately measured and forecasted, and how to design demand-side mechanisms for demand-driven carbon reduction? The project will also train the next-generation energy workforce, and prepare them to understand, engage in, and ultimately, lead the energy transition.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该 NSF 职业项目旨在建立一个变革性、融合性的零碳驱动框架，将迫切需要的碳视角纳入电力系统的设计、运行和控制中。该项目将为电力系统带来变革。这将通过开发新的碳驱动机制、方法和算法并将其集成到现有的电网运营范式中以加速其脱碳来实现，该项目的智力优势包括： 1。 ) 一个模型碳配额分配和远期排放交易的数学框架，2）碳平衡市场作为维持持续电网清洁的现货市场机制的假设，3）基于负荷概况的碳核算和预测方法，与综合电力 -碳数字孪生，4）旨在最大限度地减少需求方碳排放的博弈论碳响应计划 该项目的更广泛影响包括：1）为政策制定者、电力生产商、电网运营商和消费者提供关于各自角色的综合蓝图。加快电力行业的脱碳，2）解决当前的知识差距并提高美国劳动力和课堂对能源转型的认识，3）加强休斯顿在全球能源转型中的领导地位。严格的运营要求使电力系统脱碳面临挑战。该项目旨在建立一个迫切需要的碳驱动框架，以符合美国政府到 2035 年实现电力行业全面脱碳的承诺。在保持其理想的运营特征和社会责任的同时，该项目将回答以下关键研究问题：1）如何设计有效的碳配额分配策略来激励减排行动，而不会给纳税人带来过多的成本？ 3）如何准确衡量和预测消费者电力消费活动的碳影响，以及如何设计需求驱动的碳减排机制？还将培养下一代能源该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。