CCI Phase I: NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features

CCI 第一阶段：NSF 缺陷调整中心

• 批准号: 2413590
• 负责人: Christy Landes
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-15 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2413590&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CCI; Phase; NSF; Center; Adapting

The NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features (CAFF) is supported by the Centers for Chemical Innovation (CCI) Program of the Division of Chemistry. This Phase I Center is led by Christy Landes of Rice University. Other Rice team members include Stephan Link and Peter Rossky. Additional team members are Jennifer Dionne from Stanford University, Martin Gruebele from the University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Ben Levine from Stony Brook University, Sean Roberts from the University of Texas-Austin, and Martin Zanni from the University of Wisconsin. Iron-age metallurgists learned that judicious addition of impurities (nickel, carbon, etc.) could transform a metal with poor materials properties (iron) into strong steel tools. Chemical impurities, ‘flaws’, can be detrimental in some situations and uniquely valuable in others, creating the desirable ‘features’ of a material. In modern times, the development of silicon-based electronics exploited the same concept. CAFF’s overarching goal is to identify chemical flaws that hold promise, understand the structural and electronic properties that make those flaws uniquely influential, and then to demonstrate how the same structures can be amplified to macroscopic scales. CAFF will examine how the type, location, and sparsity of defects on atomic, nano- and microscales influence, in particular, optical materials chemistry. Broader impacts for CAFF include fast-tracking the democratization of undergraduate education and focusing on a constituency of chemists that have fallen between the cracks of public/K-12 outreach on the one hand, and undergraduate/graduate training on the other. Key will be to build a network of Community College partners that includes underrepresented urban and underserved rural communities. A diverse set of faculty and students with unique skill sets will be partners who can help form the future of American science.The NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features (CAFF) project aims to transform how to think about, study, and exploit defects, while optimizing new data-informed imaging tools that are broadly accessible. Real-world catalysts, coatings, and batteries are never ideal nor function in ideal conditions. Real-world synthetic chemists never make completely pure samples. Hence, physical chemists must identify ways to exploit, rather than avoid, the messy reality of flaws, such that they can be turned into features. CAFF will pursue understanding of defect-dependent exciton interconversion at organic-organic interfaces. The team will also study heterogeneity-driven chemical dynamics in metal-metal nanoparticles. Another goal is to identify the mechanisms underlying defect-supported energy-transfer in inorganic-organic hybrids. CAFF aims to leverage the combined expertise of the team in predicting, visualizing, and resolving in time localized structure and dynamics, using methods such as electron, tunneling, and hyperspectral microscopy as well as ultrafast laser spectroscopy and theory. Overall research and educational goals may be summarized as: (i) Atomic and nanoscale visualization and understanding of defects inherent to chemistry; (ii) correlating local chemistry to ensemble chemical behavior; (ii) co-development of novel data science approaches and modular instruments to move toward seamless real-time, data loss-less analysis of large data sets. Broader impacts include the development of new data-science integrated tools with potentially broad applications in basic research. Expected broader scientific outcomes include the development of affordable ‘smart’ instruments and modules, both experimental and theoretical, with the ability to adapt in time, space, and spectral resolution. These new tools will allow chemists, biophysicists, engineers, and materials scientists to study how sub-populations of defects, obscured within the ensemble average, critically control macroscale-level outcomes, properties and behavior.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

NSF 适应缺陷中心 (CAFF) 得到了化学部化学创新中心 (CCI) 项目的支持，该第一阶段中心由莱斯大学的 Christy Landes 领导，其他莱斯团队成员包括 Stephan Link 和其他团队成员包括来自斯坦福大学的 Jennifer Dionne、来自伊利诺伊大学香槟分校的 Martin Gruebele、来自石溪大学的 Ben Levine、来自伊利诺伊大学香槟分校的 Sean Roberts。德克萨斯奥斯汀和威斯康星大学的马丁·赞尼了解到，明智地添加杂质（镍、碳等）可以将材料性能较差的金属（铁）转化为坚固的钢工具。 “缺陷”在某些情况下可能会造成困扰，但在其他情况下却具有独特的价值，从而创造了材料理想的“特征”。在现代，硅基电子产品的发展也利用了相同的概念。总体目标是识别有希望的化学缺陷，了解使这些缺陷具有独特影响力的结构和电子特性，然后演示如何将相同的结构放大到宏观尺度，CAFF 将如何检查其类型、位置和稀疏性。缺陷对原子、纳米和微米尺度的影响，特别是对光学材料化学的影响，对 CAFF 的更广泛影响包括快速推进本科教育的民主化以及关注已经堕落的化学家群体。一方面是在公共/K-12 外展和本科/研究生培训之间，关键是建立一个社区学院合作伙伴网络，其中包括代表性不足的城市和服务不足的农村社区。具有独特技能的学生将成为帮助塑造美国科学未来的合作伙伴。 NSF 将缺陷转化为特征中心 (CAFF) 项目旨在改变思考、研究和利用缺陷的方式，同时优化基于新数据的新方法成像现实世界中的催化剂、涂层和电池从来都不是理想的，也无法在理想条件下发挥作用。因此，物理化学家必须找到利用而不是避免的方法。 CAFF 将研究有机-有机界面上缺陷相关的激子相互转换，从而研究金属-金属纳米粒子中的异质性驱动的化学动力学。 CAFF 的目标是确定无机-有机杂化材料中缺陷支持的能量转移的机制，旨在利用电子、隧道效应等方法，利用团队的综合专业知识来预测、可视化和解决时间局域结构和动力学问题。 、高光谱显微镜以及超快激光光谱和理论可概括为：（i）原子和纳米尺度的可视化和对化学固有缺陷的理解；（ii）关联局部。化学以集合化学行为；（ii）共同开发新颖的数据科学方法和模块化仪器，以实现对大数据集的无缝实时、数据无损分析更广泛的影响包括开发新的数据科学集成工具。预期更广泛的科学成果包括开发负担得起的实验和理论仪器和模块，具有适应时间、空间和光谱分辨率的能力，这些新工具将使化学家能够生物物理学家、工程师和材料科学家研究总体平均值中隐藏的缺陷子群体如何严格控制宏观层面的结果、属性和行为。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。