CCI Phase I: NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features

CCI 第一阶段：NSF 缺陷调整中心

• 批准号: 2413590
• 负责人: Christy Landes
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-15 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2413590&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CCI; Phase; NSF; Center; Adapting

The NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features (CAFF) is supported by the Centers for Chemical Innovation (CCI) Program of the Division of Chemistry. This Phase I Center is led by Christy Landes of Rice University. Other Rice team members include Stephan Link and Peter Rossky. Additional team members are Jennifer Dionne from Stanford University, Martin Gruebele from the University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Ben Levine from Stony Brook University, Sean Roberts from the University of Texas-Austin, and Martin Zanni from the University of Wisconsin. Iron-age metallurgists learned that judicious addition of impurities (nickel, carbon, etc.) could transform a metal with poor materials properties (iron) into strong steel tools. Chemical impurities, ‘flaws’, can be detrimental in some situations and uniquely valuable in others, creating the desirable ‘features’ of a material. In modern times, the development of silicon-based electronics exploited the same concept. CAFF’s overarching goal is to identify chemical flaws that hold promise, understand the structural and electronic properties that make those flaws uniquely influential, and then to demonstrate how the same structures can be amplified to macroscopic scales. CAFF will examine how the type, location, and sparsity of defects on atomic, nano- and microscales influence, in particular, optical materials chemistry. Broader impacts for CAFF include fast-tracking the democratization of undergraduate education and focusing on a constituency of chemists that have fallen between the cracks of public/K-12 outreach on the one hand, and undergraduate/graduate training on the other. Key will be to build a network of Community College partners that includes underrepresented urban and underserved rural communities. A diverse set of faculty and students with unique skill sets will be partners who can help form the future of American science.The NSF Center for Adapting Flaws into Features (CAFF) project aims to transform how to think about, study, and exploit defects, while optimizing new data-informed imaging tools that are broadly accessible. Real-world catalysts, coatings, and batteries are never ideal nor function in ideal conditions. Real-world synthetic chemists never make completely pure samples. Hence, physical chemists must identify ways to exploit, rather than avoid, the messy reality of flaws, such that they can be turned into features. CAFF will pursue understanding of defect-dependent exciton interconversion at organic-organic interfaces. The team will also study heterogeneity-driven chemical dynamics in metal-metal nanoparticles. Another goal is to identify the mechanisms underlying defect-supported energy-transfer in inorganic-organic hybrids. CAFF aims to leverage the combined expertise of the team in predicting, visualizing, and resolving in time localized structure and dynamics, using methods such as electron, tunneling, and hyperspectral microscopy as well as ultrafast laser spectroscopy and theory. Overall research and educational goals may be summarized as: (i) Atomic and nanoscale visualization and understanding of defects inherent to chemistry; (ii) correlating local chemistry to ensemble chemical behavior; (ii) co-development of novel data science approaches and modular instruments to move toward seamless real-time, data loss-less analysis of large data sets. Broader impacts include the development of new data-science integrated tools with potentially broad applications in basic research. Expected broader scientific outcomes include the development of affordable ‘smart’ instruments and modules, both experimental and theoretical, with the ability to adapt in time, space, and spectral resolution. These new tools will allow chemists, biophysicists, engineers, and materials scientists to study how sub-populations of defects, obscured within the ensemble average, critically control macroscale-level outcomes, properties and behavior.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

NSF适应特征（CAFF）的NSF中心得到了化学划分的化学创新中心（CCI）计划。 I阶段中心由赖斯大学的克里斯蒂·兰德斯（Christy Landes）领导。其他赖斯团队成员包括斯蒂芬·林克（Stephan Link）和彼得·罗斯基（Peter Rossky）。其他团队成员还有来自斯坦福大学的詹妮弗·狄恩（Jennifer Dionne），伊利诺伊州 - 欧巴纳（Illinois-Urbana Champaign）的马丁·格鲁贝尔（Martin Gruebele），斯托尼·布鲁克大学（Stony Brook University）的本·莱文（Ben Levine），德克萨斯大学 - 奥斯汀大学的肖恩·罗伯茨（Sean Roberts）和威斯康星大学的马丁·扎尼（Martin Zanni）。铁年龄冶金学家了解到，明智地增加杂质（镍，碳等）可以将具有较差材料特性（铁）的金属转化为强钢工具。在某些情况下，化学杂质“缺陷”可能有害，而在另一些情况下具有独特的价值，从而创造出理想的“特征”。在现代，基于硅电子产品的开发探索了相同的概念。 CAFF的总体目标是确定具有希望的化学缺陷，了解使这些缺陷具有独特影响的结构和电子特性，然后证明如何将相同的结构放大到宏观尺度。 CAFF将检查原子，纳米和显微镜的缺陷的类型，位置和稀疏性如何影响光学材料化学。对CAFF的更广泛影响包括快速追踪本科教育的民主化，并专注于一方面公共/K-112宣传的化学家的选区，另一方面是本科/研究生培训。关键是建立一个社区大学合作伙伴网络，其中包括代表性不足的城市和服务不足的农村社区。一组具有独特技能的教师和学生的潜水员设置了NSF将缺陷调整为功能（CAFF）项目的中心，旨在改变如何思考，研究和探索缺陷的方式，同时优化可广泛可访问的新数据知识成像工具。在理想条件下，现实世界中的催化剂，涂料和电池从来都不是理想的也不是功能。现实世界中的合成化学家从不制作完全纯样品。因此，物理化学家必须确定利用而不是避免缺陷的凌乱现实的方法，以便它们可以变成特征。 CAFF将追求有机有机接口处缺陷依赖性刺激互连的理解。该团队还将研究金属金属纳米颗粒中异质性驱动的化学动力学。另一个目标是确定无机杂种中缺陷支持的能量转移的基础机制。 CAFF旨在利用诸如电子，隧道和高光谱显微镜以及超快激光光谱和理论等方法，利用团队的合并专家在时间局部结构和动力学上预测，可视化和解决。总体研究和教育目标可以总结为：（i）原子和纳米级的可视化和对化学遗传的缺陷的理解； （ii）将局部化学与整体化学行为相关联； （ii）新型数据科学方法和模块化工具的共同开发，以朝着无缝的实时，无数据损失的大型数据集分析。更广泛的影响包括开发新的数据科学集成工具，并在基础研究中可能具有广泛的应用。预期的更广泛的科学结果包括开发负担得起的“智能”工具和实验性和理论模块，并能够适应时间，空间和光谱分辨率。这些新工具将允许化学家，生物物理学家，工程师和材料科学家研究在整体平均值中被掩盖，批判性地控制宏观级别的结果，财产和行为的子群，该奖项反映了NSF的法规使命，并通过对基金会的知识优点和广泛的criitia的评估来评估，并认为通过评估来获得珍贵的支持。