Agricultural Adaptation in a Geographic Context.

地理背景下的农业适应。

• 批准号: 2347017
• 负责人: Xinyi Liu
• 金额: $ 28.88万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-06-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2347017&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Agricultural; Adaptation; Geographic; Context.

The goal of this research to study long term and long-distance farming dispersals. Such process of early food globalization had profound long-term social and ecological impacts, which transformed past societies with consequences lasting until this day. Previous work on this topic has focused on the routes and chronologies of crop movements. However, identifying the specific manner of their cultivation and processing has proven problematic. Understanding past farming and dietary conditions can also help to understand some of the challenges people face today. Traditional farming techniques can be insightful to global food security and cultivation practices in modern-day marginal environments. This project addresses these issues by specifically asking: When did millet spread westward from its point of geographic origin? Did culinary practices such as steaming and boiling travel with it? When did wheat and barley spread eastward? Did ancient farmers irrigate the crops or cultivate them under water stress conditions in rainfed systems? The research team focuses on identifying organic residues preserved in pottery sherds to assess relevant receiving areas cooking techniques far from millet’s origin. They examine and evaluate the isotopic compositions of wheat and barley preserved at 41 sites to enable insights into the water management strategies in those regions. By addressing those questions, the implication of the project moves beyond the regional focus. Central to the inquiry is how non-native innovations were transformed within the indigenous social and cultural spheres. In this context, the project will contribute to a global theme in understanding practice- and agent-based early globalization.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究的目的是研究长期和长距离农业的散布。这种早期粮食全球化的过程产生了深远的长期社会和生态影响，这使过去的社会的后果持续到今天。以前关于该主题的工作集中在作物运动的路线和时间上。但是，确定其培养和加工的特定方式已证明是有问题的。了解过去的农业和饮食状况也可以帮助了解人们当今面临的一些挑战。传统的农业技术可以深入了解现代边际环境中的全球粮食安全和文化实践。该项目通过特别询问：小米是何时从地理起源向西传播的？烹饪练习（例如蒸和沸腾）是否与之一起旅行？小麦和大麦什么时候向东传播？古代农民是否在雨养系统中灌溉农作物或在水应力条件下种植它们？研究小组致力于确定保存在陶器棚中的有机残差，以评估远离小米起源的相关接收区烹饪技术。他们检查和评估保存在41个地点的小麦和大麦的同位素组成，以洞悉这些地区的水管理策略。通过解决这些问题，项目的含义超出了区域重点。询问的核心是如何在个人社会和文化领域中转变非本地创新。在这种情况下，该项目将在理解基于实践和代理的早期全球化方面为全球主题做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准，被视为通过评估而被视为珍贵的支持。