Collaborative Research: RAPID: Flooding and Geomorphic Change in Yellowstone National Park

合作研究：RAPID：黄石国家公园的洪水和地貌变化

基本信息

批准号：
2234855
负责人：
Lyman Persico
金额：
$ 4.09万
依托单位：
Whitman College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2234855&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RAPID Flooding Geomorphic

项目摘要

Extreme events such as floods threaten infrastructure, lives, and livelihoods, as well as altering landscapes and ecosystems. Climate change is increasing the frequency of such events and heightening the imperative to understand their drivers and landscape responses and to translate such understanding into hazards reduction. In mid-June 2022, extreme floods on the Yellowstone River and many of its tributaries in and around northern Yellowstone National Park were generated by an atmospheric river that delivered 2.5–10 cm of rain to high-elevation snowpack. Large rain-on-snow floods have created large and persistent channel changes in Yellowstone in the past, and they may become more common in a warming climate. The extreme June 2022 event provides a rare opportunity to examine its magnitude and effects on Yellowstone River tributaries. This project will support research experiences for five undergraduate students and one M.S. student and represents a new collaboration between primarily undergraduate-serving and very high research activity institutions. The project will contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning. The investigators will engage broad audiences through social media. Project findings will be incorporated into university classes.This research aims to reconstruct flood hydraulics and assess the hydrogeomorphic effects of the June 2022 event, to contextualize the impacts relative to previous extreme flooding events, and to inform geohazards planning at Yellowstone National Park. These goals will be accomplished by targeted field surveys, geomorphic change analysis over larger areas using repeat lidar, and hydraulic modeling. The investigators' efforts will focus on areas that are both well-suited to the research questions and have pre-flood data. Research objectives include estimating the hydraulics of the June 2022 flood and how the flood affected channel geometry and floodplain character, including incision and/or aggradation of Yellowstone River tributaries. The research is time sensitive and urgent because landscape changes induced by the floods are most evident in the immediate aftermath, before subsequent rainfall events in 2022 and the spring 2023 snowmelt runoff season further rework fluvial systems and floodplains. Further, rapid deployment will allow the team to contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

洪水等极端事件威胁着基础设施、生命和生计，并改变着地貌和生态系统。气候变化正在增加此类事件发生的频率，因此更加迫切需要了解其驱动因素和地貌反应，并将这种认识转化为减少灾害的能力。 2022 年 6 月中旬，一条大气河向高海拔地区带来 2.5 至 10 厘米的降雨，导致黄石河及其在黄石国家公园北部及周边地区的许多支流发生极端洪水。过去，大规模的雨雪洪水曾在黄石公园造成过大规模且持续的河道变化，在气候变暖的情况下，这种变化可能会变得更加常见，2022 年 6 月的极端事件为研究其规模和对黄石公园的影响提供了难得的机会。该项目将为五名本科生和一名硕士生提供研究经验，代表了主要为本科生服务的机构和非常高的研究活动机构之间的新合作，该项目将为国家公园管理局的事后分析和规划研究人员做出贡献。将要通过社交媒体吸引广大受众。项目研究结果将纳入大学课程。这项研究旨在重建洪水水力学并评估 2022 年 6 月事件的水文地貌影响，了解与之前极端洪水事件相关的影响，并为地质灾害规划提供信息。这些目标将通过有针对性的实地调查、使用重复激光雷达对较大区域进行地貌变化分析以及水力建模来实现，研究人员的工作重点将集中在既适合研究问题又具有实际意义的区域。研究目标包括估计 2022 年 6 月洪水的水力学以及洪水如何影响河道几何形状和洪泛区特征，包括黄石河支流的切割和/或加积。洪水在 2022 年随后的降雨事件和 2023 年春季融雪径流季节进一步改造河流系统和洪泛区之前最为明显。部署将使该团队能够为国家公园管理局的事后分析和规划做出贡献。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。