Compressible Turbulence from Quantum to Classical

从量子到经典的可压缩湍流

• 批准号: 2309322
• 负责人: Michael Forbes
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2309322&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Compressible; Turbulence; Quantum; Classical

A deep understanding of turbulence is required to enable fusion as a source of energy, improve supersonic flight, and explain the formation of elements like gold from supernovae and colliding neutron stars. Despite its importance, many aspects of turbulence are still not well understood, in part due to the difficulty of performing experiments: for example, studying supersonic flow requires expensive wind tunnels, and neutron stars can only indirectly be measured. While efforts are underway to study these systems through NSF funded programs like LIGO, recent advances in cold-atom technology provide a new platform to create turbulence in table-top experiments. For example, superfluid cold atoms have a very low speed of sound, enabling hypersonic flow, and are highly tunable, allowing them to directly model aspects of neutron stars. This project will establish a connection between quantum turbulence in these table-top experiments and important applications that complement ongoing efforts in nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics, and classical turbulence. The outcomes will not only progress science, but will identify unique quantum features that can be used to advance quantum technologies with future societal benefit similar to how previous advances in cold atom technology produced the precision clocks that enable GPS.This project will explore the relationship between quantum and classical hydrodynamics, addressing questions about the microscopic origins of turbulence, and how the macroscopic hydrodynamics needed to model neutron stars etc. emerge from microscopic physics. Specifically, it will explore how these macroscopic theories emerge after coarse-graining quantum systems, answering questions like: Are the emergent theories classical (i.e. do they flow to a Navier-Stokes-like fixed-point?) or do they retain unique quantum effects that can be exploited for new applications? Methods will be developed for detecting and characterizing quantum turbulence in spite of destructive imaging, and will be validated in close collaboration with experimental groups, exploring new quantum phenomena along the way. These validated methods will then be used to advance nuclear physics such as the origin of pulsar glitches. These investigations require high performance computing and sophisticated data analysis techniques, which will result in open source tools, broadly impacting a variety of related fields, and provide students with the skills needed for successful careers in science.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要深入了解湍流，以使融合成为能源，改善超音速飞行，并解释从超新星和碰撞中子恒星等元素的形成。尽管它的重要性，但湍流的许多方面仍未得到充分了解，部分原因是进行实验的困难：例如，研究超音速流需要昂贵的风隧道，只能间接测量中子星。 尽管正在努力通过NSF资助的计划（例如Ligo）研究这些系统，但Cold-Am技术的最新进展为在台式实验中创造湍流提供了一个新的平台。例如，超流体冷原子的声音速度非常低，可以使超音速流动，并且具有高度可调，从而使它们可以直接建模中子恒星的方面。该项目将在这些桌面实验中建立量子湍流与补充核物理学，核天体物理学和经典湍流中持续努力的重要应用之间的联系。 结果不仅将进步科学，而且还将确定可用于促进具有未来社会收益的量子技术的独特量子特征，类似于冷原子技术的先前进步如何产生启用GP的精确时钟，该项目将探索量子和经典水力学之间的关系，以解决有关源自中心的诸如中等水平的问题的问题，并探讨了源自中心的问题。微观物理学。 具体来说，它将探讨这些宏观理论如何在粗粒度量子系统之后出现，回答诸如：新兴理论是否经典（即它们流向类似Navier-Stokes的固定点）或它们是否保留可以利用新应用程序来利用的独特量子效应？ 尽管具有破坏性成像，但仍将开发用于检测和表征量子湍流的方法，并将与实验组密切合作进行验证，并沿途探索新的量子现象。 然后，这些经过验证的方法将用于推进核物理，例如脉冲星的起源。这些调查需要高性能计算和复杂的数据分析技术，这将导致开源工具，从广泛影响各种​​相关领域，并为学生提供科学成功职业所需的技能。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过使用该基金会的知识和更广泛的影响来评估Criteria的智力和更广泛的影响。