LTER: Plum Island Ecosystems, the impact of changing landscapes and climate on interconnected coastal ecosystems

LTER：普拉姆岛生态系统，景观和气候变化对相互关联的沿海生态系统的影响

• 批准号: 2224608
• 负责人: Anne Giblin
• 金额: $ 765万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2028-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2224608&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Plum; Island; Ecosystems; impact

The Plum Island Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (PIE LTER) site consists of a linked watershed-marsh-estuarine system connected to the Gulf of Maine. The goal of the PIE LTER is to advance our predictive understanding of the long-term response of coupled land-marsh-estuary-ocean ecosystems to changes in three key drivers: climate, sea level and human activities. This research sheds light on how marshes are responding to sea-level rise and controls on carbon storage, or blue carbon, in marsh and estuarine ecosystems. To understand how nutrients and carbon from land influence the estuary and how marshes and estuaries contribute to oceanic carbon and nutrient budgets, the investigators are measuring the flows of carbon and nutrients across the watershed-to-ocean continuum. To understand how estuarine and marsh ecosystem food webs are changing with sea level rise and warming temperatures, the investigators are measuring changes in abundance of key species and analyzing the entire food web using tracer techniques. This information is being shared with managers from local, regional and federal agencies, as well as non-profit orgainzations. In collaboration with Mass Audubon the investigators are running a K-12 Schoolyard program, “Salt Marsh Science”, which provides ten schools with experiential learning opportunities for students and teachers. They also work with the Gulf of Maine Institute (GOMI), a non-profit that provides intensive training and on-going support to teachers to help them develop environmental community-based stewardship projects. The PIE LTER is organized around three questions that build on previous findings and integrate long-term studies with new observations, experiments, and model development. Activities within the three questions integrate across the entire watershed-marsh-estuary domain to facilitate a broader synthesis of long-term data and new observations. The first question is: “How are the sources and fates of organic matter and nutrients in the linked watershed/estuary system being altered by changing land use, sea-level rise (SLR), climate, and geomorphology?” To answer this, the investigators are examining how the linked coastal system influences estuarine production and water quality, as well as the role of coastal ecosystems in modulating carbon and nutrient fluxes to the nearshore ocean through a combination of expanded observations and numerical modeling. The second question, “How do food webs and energy flow respond to new geomorphic configurations, SLR, changing climate, and associated estuarine responses?” is being answered through a new integrative effort to determine how the landscapes’ ability to transfer energy to food webs changes with habitat. This effort is combining long-term abundance data, stable isotope data on niche size, and mapping of landscape features to model how future changes in the marsh-estuary configuration will modify energy flow. Given the importance of coastal ecosystems in supporting nearshore food webs, understanding how this link will change with climate, land use change, and SLR is critical. Finally, the investigators are asking: “What internal feedbacks might accelerate, slow down, or even reverse the predicted changes in emergent marsh configuration and the fate of carbon, nutrients and energy?” Society needs to understand more about internal feedbacks that might increase marsh resilience or compromise marsh survival as sea levels rise, systems warm, and watershed inputs continue to change. With new collaborations, the team is also leveraging large-scale marsh restoration to test hypotheses on feedback mechanisms within the system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

普拉姆岛生态系统长期生态研究 (PIE LTER) 站点由一个与缅因湾相连的流域-沼泽-河口系统组成。PIE LTER 的目标是促进我们对耦合长期响应的预测性理解。这项研究揭示了沼泽如何应对海平面上升以及对碳储存或蓝碳的控制。为了了解陆地的养分和碳如何影响河口以及沼泽和河口如何影响海洋碳和养分预算，研究人员正在测量从流域到海洋连续体的碳和养分流量。为了了解河口和沼泽生态系统食物网如何随着海平面上升和气温变暖而变化，研究人员正在测量关键物种的丰度变化，并使用示踪技术分析整个食物网。来自地方、地区和联邦机构以及非营利组织的管理人员与 Mass Audubon 合作，正在开展一项 K-12 校园项目“盐沼科学”，该项目为 10 所学校的学生和学生提供体验式学习机会。他们还与缅因湾研究所 (GOMI) 合作，该研究所是一个非营利组织，为教师提供强化培训和持续支持，帮助他们开发基于社区的环境管理项目。 PIE LTER 围绕三个问题进行组织。建立在先前的发现并将长期研究与新的观察、实验和模型开发相结合。这三个问题中的活动整合了整个流域-沼泽-河口领域，以促进长期数据和新观察的更广泛综合。是：“土地利用、海平面上升（SLR）、气候和地貌的变化如何改变相关流域/河口系统中有机物和营养物的来源和命运？为了回答这个问题，研究人员正在研究这一问题。”沿海系统如何相连通过扩大观测和数值模拟的结合，影响河口生产和水质，以及沿海生态系统在调节近岸海洋碳和营养物通量方面的作用第二个问题，“食物网和能量流如何响应。新的地貌结构、SLR、气候变化以及相关的河口反应？正在通过一项新的综合努力来回答，以确定景观将能量转移到食物网的能力如何随栖息地变化。鉴于沿海生态系统在支持近岸食物网方面的重要性，了解这种联系将如何随气候变化。最后，研究人员提出的问题是：“哪些内部反馈可能会加速、减缓甚至逆转新兴沼泽配置以及社会所需的碳、营养物和能源的预期变化？”了解更多有关内部反馈的信息随着海平面上升、系统变暖和流域输入持续变化，这可能会增加沼泽的恢复能力或损害沼泽的生存。通过新的合作，该团队还利用大规模沼泽恢复来测试系统内反馈机制的假设。通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，NSF 的法定使命被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Quantifying the Importance of Ice-Rafted Debris to Salt Marsh Sedimentation Using High Resolution UAS Imagery

使用高分辨率无人机图像量化冰筏碎片对盐沼沉积的重要性

• DOI: 10.3390/rs14215499
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Remote Sensing
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Stopak, Sarah;Nordio, Giovanna;Fagherazzi, Sergio
• 通讯作者: Fagherazzi, Sergio

Frequent Storm Surges Affect the Groundwater of Coastal Ecosystems

频繁的风暴潮影响沿海生态系统的地下水

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gl100191
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Nordio, Giovanna;Frederiks, Ryan;Hingst, Mary;Carr, Joel;Kirwan, Matt;Gedan, Keryn;Michael, Holly;Fagherazzi, Sergio
• 通讯作者: Fagherazzi, Sergio

Recovery of salt marsh vegetation after ice-rafting

冰漂流后盐沼植被的恢复

• DOI: 10.3354/meps14294
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Nordio, G;Fagherazzi, S
• 通讯作者: Fagherazzi, S

Quantifying Flow Velocities in River Deltas via Remotely Sensed Suspended Sediment Concentration

通过遥感悬浮泥沙浓度量化河流三角洲的流速

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gl101392
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Donatelli, Carmine;Passalacqua, Paola;Wright, Kyle;Salter, Gerard;Lamb, Michael P.;Jensen, Daniel;Fagherazzi, Sergio
• 通讯作者: Fagherazzi, Sergio

Diversity at single nucleotide to pangenome scales among sulfur cycling bacteria in salt marshes

盐沼中硫循环细菌从单核苷酸到全基因组规模的多样性

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.00988-23
• 发表时间: 2023-11-29
• 期刊: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Pérez Castro S;Peredo EL;Mason OU;Vineis J;Bowen JL;Mortazavi B;Ganesh A;Ruff SE;Paul BG;Giblin AE;Cardon ZG
• 通讯作者: Cardon ZG