FMSG: Eco: Off-Grid Construction via Sustainable Compression Curing of Vegetable Oil-Impregnated Sediments

FMSG：生态：通过植物油浸渍沉积物的可持续压缩固化进行离网建设

• 批准号: 2229267
• 负责人: Scott Thompson
• 金额: $ 49.47万
• 依托单位: Kansas State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2229267&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FMSG; Eco; Off; Grid; Construction

Additive manufacturing (AM) has effectively revolutionized how engineers and architects design and fabricate products due to its layer-by-layer building approach. New levels of product complexity/customization not offered by traditional manufacturing processes are now achievable, resulting in weight reduction, enhanced conformability, joint consolidation, and higher efficiencies through design. This project combines faculty in engineering, chemistry, architecture, and geology to innovate a solar-powered compression/curing technique that additively fabricates building materials made of tung oil and local sands for sustainable, raw-earth construction. This manufacturing method can leverage available natural resources within the U.S., therefore reducing any reliance on international raw materials. It also responds to a growing need to innovate and overcome remote construction constraints exacerbated by urban-to-rural migration driven by the COVID pandemic and climate change. The remote AM of raw earth materials will help reduce the large carbon footprint associated with concrete-based AM construction which relies on heavy gantry-based material extrusion systems that must be transported to worksites. Architecture students will be trained on a commercial binder-jet AM system for integrating new knowledge in sustainable AM processes into their designs. Guest lectures will be provided to engineering and architecture undergraduate students to broaden their perspectives and creativity to ensure future innovation in the U.S. advanced manufacturing industries.The goal of this fundamental manufacturing research project is to design and test a new binder/powder-based AM process for the fabrication of earth-sourced composites for structural applications. Through modeling and experimentation, the AM process will be designed for off-grid use while remaining completely sustainable. Tung oil will be employed for binding sands of highly variable sizes, shapes, and chemistry. Employed sands will be characterized using microscopy and flowability measurements. These measurements will be correlated with the sediment’s ability to spread into a thin layer with minimal voids when acted upon by a custom-designed roller. Binder rheological properties will be varied until effective jetting and sediment infiltration are realized. The binder will be cured via free radical polymerization triggered by a combination of heat and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The latent heat required for uniform binder curing in the presence of unrefined sediments will be related with concentrated solar energy/spectra for aiding the design of a solar power/heating unit. First order energy balances and entropy minimization will guide power/heating unit design. A proof-of-concept manufacturing system will be constructed and instrumented for conducting “brick” building experiments. Thermomechanical tests will be performed to determine the strength of these manufactured composite bricks.This project is jointly funded by the Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

增材制造（AM）有效地彻底改变了工程师和建筑师如何设计和制造产品，因为其逐层建筑方法。现在可以实现传统制造过程未提供的产品复杂性/自定义水平，从而导致体重降低，增强的可比性，关节合并以及通过设计提高效率。该项目结合了工程，化学，建筑和地质学领域的教职员工，以创新一项由太阳能的压缩/固化技术创新，该技术可与可持续的原始生产结构建造由陶油和当地沙子制成的建筑材料。这种制造方法可以利用美国境内可用的自然资源，从而减少对国际原材料的任何缓解。这也应对日益增长的创新需求，并克服了由库维德大流行和攀岩变化所驱动的城市对农村迁移而加剧的遥远建筑限制。原材料的遥远AM将有助于减少与基于混凝土的AM结构相关的大碳足迹，该建筑依赖于必须将基于重型的材料扩展系统运送到工作地点。建筑专业的学生将接受商业活页夹AM系统的培训，以将可持续性AM过程中的新知识整合到其设计中。将向工程和建筑本科生提供来宾讲座，以扩大其观点和创造力，以确保美国先进制造业的未来创新。这个基本制造研究项目的目的是设计和测试一种新的基于粘合剂/粉末的AM工艺，用于用于结构应用的地球构图的结构。通过建模和实验，AM过程将设计用于离网的使用，同时保持完全可持续性。陶油将用于结合高度尺寸，形状和化学的砂砂。使用的沙子将通过显微镜和流动性测量表征。这些测量结果将与沉积物的能力相关，当由定制设计的滚筒作用时，用最小的空隙扩散成薄层。粘合剂流变特性将变化，直到实现有效的喷射和沉积物浸润为止。粘合剂将通过热自由基聚合通过热量和紫外线（UV）辐射触发。在未精制沉积物存在下均匀粘合剂固化所需的潜热将与浓缩的太阳能/光谱相关，以帮助太阳能/加热单元的设计。一阶能量平衡和熵最小化将指导功率/加热单元设计。概念验证制造系统将被建造和仪器，用于进行“砖”建筑实验。将进行热机械测试以确定这些制造的复合砖的强度。该项目由民用，机械和制造创新部共同资助，以及刺激竞争性研究的既定计划（EPSCOR）。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过基金会的智力效果和广泛的评估来评估，以评估为珍贵。

项目成果

Itaconic Anhydride as a Bio-Based Compatibilizer for a Tung Oil-Based Thermosetting Resin Reinforced with Sand and Algae Biomass

衣康酸酐作为沙子和藻类生物质增强桐油基热固性树脂的生物基增容剂

• DOI: 10.3390/coatings13071188
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Coatings
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Silva, Julio Antonio;Dever, Seth;Siccardi, Anthony;Snelling, Drew;Al Qabani, Ibrahim;Thompson, Scott;Goldberg, Karin;Baudoin, Genevieve;Martins Lacerda, Talita;Quirino, Rafael Lopes
• 通讯作者: Quirino, Rafael Lopes

The Site of Ornament

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• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 2023 Building Technology Educators’ Society Conference: Beyond the Artifact
• 作者: Baudoin, Genevieve;Johnson, Bruce A.
• 通讯作者: Johnson, Bruce A.