FMSG: Eco: Off-Grid Construction via Sustainable Compression Curing of Vegetable Oil-Impregnated Sediments

FMSG：生态：通过植物油浸渍沉积物的可持续压缩固化进行离网建设

• 批准号: 2423166
• 负责人: Scott Thompson
• 金额: $ 49.47万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2423166&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FMSG; Eco; Off; Grid; Construction

Additive manufacturing (AM) has effectively revolutionized how engineers and architects design and fabricate products due to its layer-by-layer building approach. New levels of product complexity/customization not offered by traditional manufacturing processes are now achievable, resulting in weight reduction, enhanced conformability, joint consolidation, and higher efficiencies through design. This project combines faculty in engineering, chemistry, architecture, and geology to innovate a solar-powered compression/curing technique that additively fabricates building materials made of tung oil and local sands for sustainable, raw-earth construction. This manufacturing method can leverage available natural resources within the U.S., therefore reducing any reliance on international raw materials. It also responds to a growing need to innovate and overcome remote construction constraints exacerbated by urban-to-rural migration driven by the COVID pandemic and climate change. The remote AM of raw earth materials will help reduce the large carbon footprint associated with concrete-based AM construction which relies on heavy gantry-based material extrusion systems that must be transported to worksites. Architecture students will be trained on a commercial binder-jet AM system for integrating new knowledge in sustainable AM processes into their designs. Guest lectures will be provided to engineering and architecture undergraduate students to broaden their perspectives and creativity to ensure future innovation in the U.S. advanced manufacturing industries.The goal of this fundamental manufacturing research project is to design and test a new binder/powder-based AM process for the fabrication of earth-sourced composites for structural applications. Through modeling and experimentation, the AM process will be designed for off-grid use while remaining completely sustainable. Tung oil will be employed for binding sands of highly variable sizes, shapes, and chemistry. Employed sands will be characterized using microscopy and flowability measurements. These measurements will be correlated with the sediment’s ability to spread into a thin layer with minimal voids when acted upon by a custom-designed roller. Binder rheological properties will be varied until effective jetting and sediment infiltration are realized. The binder will be cured via free radical polymerization triggered by a combination of heat and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The latent heat required for uniform binder curing in the presence of unrefined sediments will be related with concentrated solar energy/spectra for aiding the design of a solar power/heating unit. First order energy balances and entropy minimization will guide power/heating unit design. A proof-of-concept manufacturing system will be constructed and instrumented for conducting “brick” building experiments. Thermomechanical tests will be performed to determine the strength of these manufactured composite bricks.This project is jointly funded by the Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

增材制造 (AM) 凭借其逐层构建方法，有效地彻底改变了工程师和建筑师设计和制造产品的方式，现在可以实现传统制造工艺无法提供的新水​​平的产品复杂性/定制化，从而减轻重量并增强性能。该项目结合了工程、化学、建筑和地质学领域的教师，创新了一种太阳能压缩/固化技术，可增材制造由桐油和当地材料制成的建筑材料。这种制造方法可以利用美国境内的现有自然资源，从而减少对国际原材料的依赖，也满足了日益增长的创新需求，并克服了因城市到城市而加剧的远程施工限制。受新冠疫情和气候变化影响，远程增材制造将有助于减少与混凝土增材制造建筑相关的大量碳足迹，该建筑依赖于必须运输到工地的重型龙门式材料挤压系统。学生将会将为工程和建筑本科生提供客座讲座，以拓宽他们的视野和创造力，以确保美国先进制造业的未来创新。该基础制造研究项目的目标是设计和测试一种新的基于粘合剂/粉末的增材制造工艺，用于制造结构应用的土源复合材料。通过建模和实验，增材制造工艺将设计用于离网。使用的同时保持完全可持续。桐油将用于粘合尺寸、形状和化学性质变化很大的砂子，这些砂子将通过显微镜和流动性测量来表征，这些测量结果将与沉积物在作用时扩散成具有最小空隙的薄层的能力相关。通过定制设计的滚筒，粘合剂的流变特性将发生变化，直到实现有效的喷射和沉积渗透，粘合剂将通过热和紫外线 (UV) 的组合引发的自由基聚合而固化。在存在未精炼的沉积物的情况下，均匀粘合剂固化所需的潜热将与集中的太阳能/光谱相关，以帮助设计太阳能/加热装置。一阶能量平衡和熵最小化将指导电力/加热装置。将建造一个概念验证制造系统并配备仪器以进行“砖”建筑实验，以确定这些制造的复合砖的强度。该项目是联合资助的。由土木、机械和制造创新部门以及刺激竞争研究既定计划 (EPSCoR) 授予。该奖项是 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。