Collaborative Research: Toward universal quantum computing with heterogeneously integrated quantum optical frequency combs

合作研究：利用异构集成量子光学频率梳实现通用量子计算

• 批准号: 2219760
• 负责人: Mario Dagenais
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2219760&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Toward; universal; quantum

Quantum computing is a disruptive technology capable of solving classically intractable problems, such as factoring integers and breaking encryption codes, and performing quantum simulations of major societal impact such as nitrogen fixation for fertilizer production, carbon dioxide fixation for carbon sequestration, and unlocking room-temperature superconductivity. The route toward full scale quantum computing faces daunting challenges. One approach away from the dominant quantum gate approach is measurement-based quantum computing, and, in particular, one-way quantum computing using cluster states. This approach circumvents the requirement of low decoherence and memories for scalability. Our approach is purely based on using photons, operates at room-temperature, and uses a wavelength compatible to present optical communication networks. Large two-dimensional cluster states will be produced using quantum optical frequency combs. These cluster states are deterministically and unconditionally generated and scale exponentially. The cluster states are based on continuous-variable quantum optical systems and are encoded over quantum fields. The key objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the generation of continuous variable cluster states on chip and to demonstrate the preparation of resource states called Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) grid states, which are key to error correction and to universal quantum computing. To realize the chip-scale quantum state generator, hetero-integration of different platform technology on a silicon board will be used. In particular, a high quality factor (Q) nanocavity using gratings will be realized on the SiN/SiO2 platform and will produce an optical frequency comb. A narrow linewidth semiconductor laser based on a III-V gain chip coupled to a high Q cavity will be mounted on the Si platform. Finally, a thin-film LiNbO3 modulator for high speed modulation will be heterogeneously integrated on the Si platform. A broad impact plan will be set-up to educate high school students in quantum physics, train under-represented groups in quantum engineering, and educate graduate students for success in engineering research.A realistic path to quantum computation requires the implementation of standalone chipscale systems to create and manipulate quantum states of light. These systems should ideally operate at room temperature and at wavelengths compatible with those of classical optical communication systems. In this project, a novel integrated platform to realize some basic quantum protocols with high efficiency and fidelity will be demonstrated. The proposal aims at the first realization of cluster states, cat states, and Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states on a photonic chip, with the overarching goal of realizing all the required building blocks for a fault-tolerant photonic quantum computer. Measurement based quantum computation primitives, namely, feedforward on cluster states informed by field-homodyne and photon-number-resolving (PNR) detection will be realized. The experimental platform is based on one optical parametric oscillator and one electro-optic phase modulator integrated on Si. The core of the envisioned quantum system is an integrated millimeter-size grating Fabry-Perot resonator, featuring a free-spectral range of a few tens of GHz and a Q-factor better than a million at 1550 nm. The Si3N4 microresonator is pumped by a co-integrated narrow-linewidth single mode laser, and owing to the built-in Kerr nonlinearity of the medium, outputs quantum-correlated photons distributed in the spectral modes of an optical frequency comb. High-efficiency optical coupling from chip to optical fibers will be used to interface with photodetection. The first experimental objective is to demonstrate large-scale cluster state generation on chip. The second experimental objective is to demonstrate non-Gaussian (e.g. cat and GKP) state generation on chip, using PNR detection measurements. The full spectrum of possibilities of this quantum photonic chip will also be studied in microresonator optical parametric oscillators operated above threshold.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子计算是一种能够解决经典棘手的问题的破坏性技术，例如保理整数和破坏加密代码，并对诸如氮固定剂的氮固定，二氧化碳固定碳固化，碳固化和释放房间 - 隔离房间 - 隔离室细胞超级施加性。通向全尺寸量子计算的途径面临着艰巨的挑战。远离主要量子门方法的一种方法是基于测量的量子计算，尤其是使用群集状态的单向量子计算。这种方法规定了低腐蚀性和记忆对可伸缩性的要求。我们的方法纯粹基于使用光子，在室温下运行，并使用兼容的波长来呈现光学通信网络。大型二维聚类状态将使用量子光学频率梳子产生。这些群集状态是决定性和无条件生成的，并且呈指数尺度。群集状态基于连续变量的量子光学系统，并在量子场上编码。该提案的主要目的是证明芯片上连续可变群集状态的产生，并证明了称为Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill（GKP）网格状态的资源状态的制备，这是误差校正和通用量子计算的关键。为了实现芯片规模的量子状态发生器，将使用硅板上不同平台技术的异质整合。特别是，使用光栅的高质量因子（Q）纳米腔将在SIO/SIO2平台上实现，并产生光频梳。基于III-V增益芯片耦合到高Q空腔的狭窄线宽半导体激光器将安装在SI平台上。最后，用于高速调制的薄膜LINBO3调制器将在SI平台上进行异质。将制定一项广泛的影响计划，以教育高中生的量子物理学，培训量子工程中代表性不足的群体，并教育研究生在工程研究方面取得成功。量子计算的现实途径需要实施独立的芯片尺度系统，以创建和操纵量子状态。 这些系统理想地应在室温和波长与经典光学通信系统兼容的波长下运行。在这个项目中，将展示一个新颖的集成平台，以实现一些具有高效率和保真度的基本量子协议。该提案的目的是在光子芯片上首次实现群集状态，猫态和Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill（GKP）状态，其总体目标是实现所有必需的耐故障光子量子计算机所需的构件。将实现基于测量的量子计算原始基原始基原料，即以田间 - 摩迪尼和光子数分辨率（PNR）检测告知的聚类状态。实验平台基于一个集成在SI上的光学参数振荡器和一个电磁相调节器。设想的量子系统的核心是一个集成的毫米大小的螺旋式fabry-perot谐振器，其自由光谱范围为几十GHz，Q因子比1550 nm的一百万个更好。 SI3N4微孔子通过协同窄 - 线宽的单模式激光泵泵，并且由于培养基的内置KERR非线性，输出量子相关的光子以光学频率梳的光谱模式分布。从芯片到光纤的高效率光耦合将用于与光检测接口。第一个实验目标是在芯片上证明大规模的群集状态产生。第二个实验目标是使用PNR检测测量值证明芯片上的非高斯（例如CAT和GKP）的生成。该量子光子芯片的全部可能性也将在上述阈值上方操作的微孔子光学参数振荡器中进行研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来评估的。