WoU-MMA: Particle Astrophysics with HAWC

WoU-MMA：利用 HAWC 进行粒子天体物理学

• 批准号: 2209103
• 负责人: Jordan Goodman
• 金额: $ 172.49万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209103&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Particle; Astrophysics; HAWC

Gamma-rays are the highest energy form of electromagnetic radiation, and their astrophysical observation provides the means to study the processes of extreme astrophysical environments in the Universe. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory, located in the Sierra Negra in Mexico, is a high-sensitivity, wide field-of-view, continuously operating teraelectronvolt (TeV) gamma-ray telescope. HAWC is designed to explore the origin of cosmic rays, study the acceleration of particles in extreme physical environments, and search for new physics at the TeV-scale and beyond. This award supports scientists at the University of Maryland (UMD), College Park, in operating and performing data analyses with the HAWC observatory. HAWC data will be used to provide a new look at the TeV sky, discovering new sources and source classes, setting new limits on dark matter, and playing a key role in multi-messenger/multi-wavelength observations. The team will participate in mentoring activities, including the UMD GRAD-MAP program, creating research opportunities for students from local HBCUs and community colleges, and broad outreach with educational institutions from elementary school students, to undergraduate students, to senior citizens in the US and Mexico. The HAWC observatory consists of 300 large water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) surrounded by an outrigger array of 350 smaller WCDS located at an altitude of 4100 m in Mexico. HAWC’s wide field-of-view and greater than 95% up-time simultaneously monitors the same sky observed by Fermi, LIGO/Virgo, and IceCube to search for transient phenomena like gamma-ray bursts and flaring active galactic nuclei. HAWC sends alerts to other observers, triggering multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations, as well as provides maps of the TeV sky to other observatories. HAWC’s discoveries of extremely high-energy sources, such as galactic PeVatrons, TeV Halows, microquasars, and the Cygnus Cocoon, have led to follow-up observations by other groups. Improvements in the HAWC data analyses will provide detailed source morphology and spectra, leading to the discovery of new sources and enhanced searches with improved sensitivity to transient phenomena at higher energies. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

伽马射线是电磁辐射的最高能量形式，其天体物理观测为研究宇宙中极端天体物理环境的过程提供了手段，位于墨西哥内格拉山脉的高空水切伦科夫（HAWC）天文台。高灵敏度、宽视场、连续运行的太电子伏 (TeV) 伽马射线望远镜旨在探索宇宙射线的起源，研究极端物理环境中的粒子加速，并寻找 TeV 级及以上的新物理学。该奖项支持马里兰大学帕克分校 (UMD) 的科学家使用 HAWC 天文台进行操作和数据分析。 HAWC 数据将用于提供 TeV 天空的新视角，发现新的源和源类别，对暗物质设定新的限制，并在多信使/多波长观测中发挥关键作用。该团队将参与指导。活动，包括UMD GRAD-MAP 项目，为当地 HBCU 和社区学院的学生创造研究机会，并与美国和墨西哥的从小学生、本科生到老年人的教育机构进行广泛的接触。HAWC 天文台由 300 个大型水体组成。切伦科夫探测器 (WCD) 被由 350 个较小的 WCDS 组成的支腿阵列包围，位于墨西哥海拔 4100 m 处，HAWC 的宽视场大于 1000 米。 95% 的正常运行时间同时监测费米、LIGO/Virgo 和 IceCube 观测的同一天空，以搜索伽马射线爆发和耀斑活动星系核等瞬态现象，HAWC 向其他观测者发送警报，触发多波长和多观测。信使观测，并为其他天文台发现的极高能量源（例如银河 PeVatrons）提供 TeV 天空地图。 TeV Halows、微类星体和天鹅座茧导致了其他小组的后续观测，HAWC 数据分析的改进将提供详细的源形态和光谱，从而导致新源的发现和增强的搜索，并提高对瞬态的敏感性。该项目推进了 NSF 宇宙之窗大创意的目标。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Characterization of the background for a neutrino search with the HAWC observatory

HAWC 天文台中微子搜索背景特征

• DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2021.102670
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Albert, A.;Alfaro, R.;Alvarez, C.;Angeles Camacho, J.R.;Arteaga-Velázquez, J.C.;Arunbabu, K.P.;Belmont-Moreno, E.;Caballero-Mora, K.S.;Capistrán, T.;Carramiñana, A.
• 通讯作者: Carramiñana, A.

Validation of standardized data formats and tools for ground-level particle-based gamma-ray observatories

地面粒子伽马射线天文台标准化数据格式和工具的验证

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243527
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Albert, A.;Alfaro, R.;Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.;Ayala Solares, H. A.;Babu, R.;Belmont-Moreno, E.;Brisbois, C.;Caballero-Mora, K. S.;Capistrán, T.;Carramiñana, A.
• 通讯作者: Carramiñana, A.

Observation of Anisotropy of TeV Cosmic Rays with Two Years of HAWC

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad90c
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: A. Abeysekara;R. Alfaro;C. Álvarez;J. Álvarez;R. Arceo;J. C. Arteaga-Vel'azquez;D. Rojas;H. Solares;A. Becerril;E. Belmont-Moreno;S. BenZvi;A. Bernal;J. Braun;K. Caballero-Mora;T. Capistrán;A. Carramiñana;S. Casanova;M. Castillo;U. Cotti;J. Cotzomi;C. D. Le'on;E. D. L. Fuente;R. Hernández;S. Dichiara;B. Dingus;M. DuVernois;J. C. Díaz-Vélez;K. Engel;D. Fiorino;N. Fraija;J. A. Garc'ia-Gonz'alez;F. Garfias;A. G. Muñoz;M. Gonz'alez;J. Goodman;Z. Hampel-Arias;J. P. Harding;S. Hernández;B. Hona;F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla;C. Hui;P. Hüntemeyer;A. Iriarte;A. Jardin-Blicq;V. Joshi;S. Kaufmann;A. Lara;R. Lauer;W. Lee;H. L. Vargas;A. Longinotti;G. Luis-Raya;R. Luna-Garc'ia;D. L'opez-C'amara;R. L'opez-Coto;K. Malone;S. Marinelli;O. Martinez;I. Martinez-Castellanos;J. Mart'inez-Castro;H. Mart'inez-Huerta;J. Matthews;P. Miranda-Romagnoli;E. Moreno;M. Mostafá;A. Nayerhoda;L. Nellen;M. Newbold;M. Nisa;R. Noriega-Papaqui;R. Pelayo;J. Pretz;E. Pérez-Pérez-E.-Pérez-Pérez-1431205495;Z. Ren;C. Rho;C. Rivière;D. Rosa-Gonz'alez;M. Rosenberg;E. Ruiz-Velasco;F. Greus;A. Sandoval;M. Schneider;H. Schoorlemmer;M. Arroyo;G. Sinnis;A. Smith;R. Springer;P. Surajbali;I. Taboada;O. Tibolla;K. Tollefson;I. Torres;G. Vianello;L. Villaseñor;T. Weisgarber;F. Werner;S. Westerhoff;J. Wood;T. Yapici;A. Zepeda;H. Zhou

HAWC as a Ground-Based Space-Weather Observatory

HAWC 作为地面空间天气观测站

• DOI: 10.1007/s11207-021-01827-z
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Solar Physics
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Alvarez, C.;Angeles Camacho, J. R.;Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.;Arunbabu, K. P.;Avila Rojas, D.;Baghmanyan, V.;Belmont-Moreno, E.;BenZvi, S. Y.;Brisbois, C.;Caballero-Mora, K. S.
• 通讯作者: Caballero-Mora, K. S.

γ-Ray Emission from Classical Nova V392 Per: Measurements from Fermi and HAWC

经典 Nova V392 的 γ 射线发射：费米和 HAWC 的测量

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac966a
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Albert, A.;Alfaro, R.;Alvarez, C.;Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.;Rojas, D. Avila;Solares, H. A. Ayala;Babu, R.;Belmont-Moreno, E.;Blochwitz, C.;Caballero-Mora, K. S.
• 通讯作者: Caballero-Mora, K. S.