EAR-PF: Measuring the Effects of Large Volcanic Eruptions on a Shallow Magma Reservoir using Microanalytical Techniques

EAR-PF：使用微分析技术测量大型火山喷发对浅层岩浆库的影响

• 批准号: 2204477
• 负责人: Madeline Lewis
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: Lewis, Madeline J
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2204477&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Measuring; Effects; Large

Dr. Madeline Lewis has been awarded an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to investigate how large volcanic eruptions affect potentially hazardous magma stored beneath the surface of the Earth. Her research, professional development, and public outreach will take place at Stanford University alongside scientific mentor Dr. Ayla Pamukçu. Volcanic centers are connected to magma storage reservoirs within Earth’s crust, yet not all magma is immediately eruptible. Magma storage conditions (pressure, temperature, and dissolved water content) strongly influence the potential for magma to erupt. However, the extent to which eruptions influence magma storage conditions is poorly understood. Is magma stored after an eruption easily mobile and primed to erupt, or is it nearly solidified? Dr. Lewis will address these questions using the extinct Stillwater Caldera Complex (SCC), Nevada, which exposes both volcanic rocks and portions of the now solidified magma storage system. She will collect geochemical data to calculate magma storage conditions during different stages of SCC magmatic activity. Dr. Lewis’s earlier research established the sequence and duration of magmatic activity in the SCC, which she will use to evaluate changes to the magma storage conditions in response to major eruptions. Dr. Lewis will expand the broader impacts of her work by designing a virtual field trip, which will be a publicly available educational resource through Stanford Earth Field Education. In addition, she will complete training in STEM education and volunteer as a mentor with the Palo Alto chapter of the Association for Women in Geoscience to improve retention and support for women pursing geoscience degrees and careers. The uncertainty surrounding whether eruptible magmas remain in shallow storage after caldera forming eruptions will be improved by investigating both the intrusive and extrusive portions of a shallow silicic magma system. The Oligocene (~25 Ma) Stillwater Caldera Complex, Nevada, preserves a sequence of pre- and post-eruptive intrusions (magmatic history of ~106 yrs), as well as two very large (350 km3) explosive deposits that record snapshots of definitively eruptible melts. Dr. Lewis will collect and analyze the compositions of erupted (extrusive) and unerupted (intrusive) crystals and melt inclusions to establish magma storage conditions (e.g., temperatures, pressures, volatile contents) from mineral equilibria. She will apply these calculated parameters to thermodynamic and diffusion-based models to estimate magma crystallinity and the residence time of eruptible magma bodies. Coupling these results with her existing high-precision geochronology data will enable tracking of reservoir conditions over the lifetime of the magma system. If eruptions are found to leave behind crystal-poor magmas in the shallow reservoir, this indicates the capacity of volcanic systems to produce “silent” eruptions with little seismic warning. Conversely, if eruptible magma is not retained shallowly after eruption, this has significant implications for interpretation of magma injection signals as an indicator of impending eruptions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

麦德琳·刘易斯（Madeline Lewis）博士已经为火山爆发而引起了nstdoctoral奖学金，这些爆发会影响地球下的潜在危险的maa gma。 . AGE CONDITIONS (Presure, Temperatore, and Disolved Water Content) Strongly Influence The Potential for Magma to Erupt. Which Eruptions Magma Storage Conditions is Poory Understood. Is Magma Stored An Eruption EASILE MOBILE MOBILE AND PRIMED TO ERUPT Ly Solidified? Dr. Lewis Will使用灭绝的静水火山口综合体（SCC），内华达州，揭示了现在固化的岩浆存储系统的火山岩石和部分。针对重大爆发的条件。从事地球科学和职业的妇女。记录的熔体熔体的快照。岩浆的停留时间。喷发后没有保持浅薄的保留，这对岩浆注射的解释具有重大影响，这是即将举行的奖励的指标反映了NSF的反应，并且已经使Demed值得支持thend Oundation的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。