Excellence in Research: System Oriented Research and Environmental Impact of Poultry Litter Conversion Process into Biochar

卓越的研究：家禽垫料转化为生物炭过程的系统导向研究和环境影响

• 批准号: 2200616
• 负责人: Seong Lee
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Morgan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2200616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Excellence; Research; System; Oriented; Environmental

Excessive land application of poultry waste (called litter) has been linked to eutrophication, pathogen contamination, fish death, and other negative effects on human and animal health. Increases in poultry production in the Delmarva Peninsula underscore the need for more efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable disposal technologies for poultry litter. Pyrolysis of poultry litter has promise to produce nutrient-rich biochar while killing off any microorganisms that would otherwise trigger negative environmental health effects. Production yield, quality, and structure of biochar from pyrolysis depend on physicochemical properties (e.g., moisture content, particle size) and varying pyrolysis conditions (e.g., temperature, heating rate, residence time, pressure, catalyst). This study will develop an innovative evaluation method for studying the effects of poultry litter properties and pyrolysis conditions on biochar properties and yield. Researchers will measure biophysical system responses and impact of applying prepared poultry litter-based biochar. They will perform a life-cycle assessment (LCA) with techno-economic analysis of biochar production from poultry litter and its core applications.The project will contribute to the development of a comprehensive evaluation method for the physicochemical properties of biomass fuels (e.g., poultry litter) and benefits of biochar on soil properties and plant growth. In addition, an improved life cycle analysis (LCA) will help to effectively evaluate the environmental, economic, and social attributes of the pyrolysis process for converting poultry litter waste into poultry litter biochar. This project will facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration between Morgan State University's Departments of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Chemistry so that each department can utilize state-of-the-art instrumentation needed for undertaking novel research applications of poultry litter pyrolysis technology. The project will introduce new tools, instrumentation, methods, and processes to minority students to facilitate diverse and interdisciplinary collaborations. The project will also build a new systematic process for understanding the production, applications, and benefits of biochar. This study will assist regional poultry farmers (i.e., about 2,000 farms in Maryland) in selecting cost-effective bedding materials and optimizing pyrolysis conditions for converting poultry litter into high-quality poultry litter biochar.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

家禽废物的土地应用过多（称为垃圾）与富营养化，病原体污染，鱼死亡以及对人类和动物健康的其他负面影响有关。 Delmarva半岛的家禽生产的增加强调了对家禽垃圾更有效，具有成本效益和可持续的处置技术的需求。家禽垃圾的热解有望产生富含营养的生物炭，同时杀死任何微生物，否则会引发负面的环境健康影响。热解的生产产量，质量和结构取决于理化特性（例如水分含量，粒径）和变化的热解条件（例如温度，加热速率，停留时间，压力，压力，催化剂）。这项研究将开发一种创新的评估方法，用于研究家禽垃圾特性和热解条件对生物炭特性和产量的影响。 研究人员将测量生物物理系统的响应和应用基于家禽垃圾的生物炭的影响。他们将通过对家禽垃圾及其核心应用的生物炭生产的技术经济分析进行生命周期评估（LCA）。该项目将有助于开发生物量燃料的物理化学特性的全面评估方法（例如，家禽窝）以及对土壤炭的益处的好处。此外，改进的生命周期分析（LCA）将有助于评估用于将家禽垃圾浪费转化为家禽垃圾生物炭的热解过程的环境，经济和社会属性。该项目将促进摩根州立大学工业和系统工程，民用和环境工程和化学部门之间的跨学科合作，以便每个部门都可以利用为进行新颖的研究应用所需的最先进的仪器，以实现Poultry垃圾垃圾热解技术的新型研究应用。该项目将向少数族裔学生介绍新的工具，仪器，方法和流程，以促进多样化和跨学科的合作。该项目还将建立一个新的系统过程，以了解生物炭的生产，应用和收益。 This study will assist regional poultry farmers (i.e., about 2,000 farms in Maryland) in selecting cost-effective bedding materials and optimizing pyrolysis conditions for converting poultry litter into high-quality poultry litter biochar.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.