BERING STRAIT 2022-2026: Quantifying status and change in Pacific-to-Arctic physical/biogeochemical oceanic fluxes, a central part of the Arctic Observing Network

白令海峡2022-2026：量化太平洋至北极物理/生物地球化学海洋通量的现状和变化，这是北极观测网络的核心部分

基本信息

批准号：
2153942
负责人：
Rebecca Woodgate
金额：
$ 302.46万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-03-01 至 2027-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2153942&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
BERING STRAIT 2022 2026 Quantifying

项目摘要

The ~50m deep, 85km wide Bering Strait is the only connection between the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. The generally northward flow through the strait is a key source of oceanic heat, freshwater, and nutrients for the Arctic, influencing the upper ~200m of roughly half of the Arctic Ocean. This provides both a stratified upper ocean layer, which protects sea-ice from deeper and warmer Atlantic origin waters, and a major source of nutrients which fuel Arctic ecosystems. Oceanic heat carried northward through the strait acts as a trigger for western Arctic sea-ice melt and is the best predictor of sea-ice retreat date in the Chukchi Sea, the highly productive, shallow sea immediately north of the strait. The freshness of the flow may influence ocean circulation as far away as the Atlantic Ocean. To understand and quantify how the climate and ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean and the Alaskan Arctic seas are changing, and how those changes relate to the rest of the globe, observations are needed to quantify the changing properties of the flow through the Bering Strait. Year-round oceanographic measurements in the strait (from moorings, i.e., instruments moored to the sea-floor) started in 1990 and show the flow is increasing in strength and temperature, and freshening dramatically in winter. These changes are believed to have significant effects on the Arctic and beyond. Additionally, satellite studies, which are indicating large increases at the base of the Arctic food chain, suggest an increased nutrient flux from the Pacific Ocean through the strait. However, to date, no year-round or interannual measurements of nutrient flow through the Bering Strait exist to test this idea. Since moorings are still the only viable way of measuring seasonal and interannual change in the Bering Strait, this project supports: four years of moorings, measuring physical properties such as flow, temperature, salinity, sea-ice; biogeochemical properties including nutrient content and measures of biological activity; and accompanying analysis and outreach efforts. The latter include making data products and results available to science, public, and industry communities as well as bringing Bering Strait and Arctic science to the general public, university students, and schools, including Bering Strait communities and public and Hispanic/Latino-dominated schools in Seattle WA.From September 2022 to September 2026, three year-round moorings will be deployed in the US waters of the Bering Strait region, supported by annual ship-based servicing, and accompanying hydrographic surveys in the Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Sea. Hourly mooring measurements will be used to compute water properties, and fluxes of heat, freshwater, and nitrate into the Arctic. These in situ measurements will be combined with satellite data, numerical weather prediction model data, and verified Arctic model results to investigate causes of change in the throughflow, and to understand and quantify transformations in the Chukchi Sea, thus giving a better estimation of the forcings of the Bering Strait throughflow directly on the Arctic Ocean. The project aims to obtain the Bering Strait’s first year-round measurements of nitrate, the key limiting nutrient of the region, and, by extending the longest in situ physical instrument record from the Arctic Ocean, give a multidecadal measure of change in this key Arctic gateway.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大约50m的85公里宽的白令海峡是太平洋和北极海洋之间的唯一联系。通常，通过稻草的北流是北极的海洋热量，淡水和营养物质的关键来源，影响了大约一半的北极海洋上的〜200m。这既提供了分层的上海层，可保护海冰免受更深和更温暖的大西洋原始水域的影响，也可以保护北极生态系统的主要养分来源。海洋热通过稻草向北传播，是西部北极海冰融化的触发因素，是Chukchi Sea的Sea-Ice撤退日期的最佳预测指标，Chukchi Sea是高产的，高生产力的浅海。流动的新鲜度可能会影响到远至大西洋的海洋循环。要理解和量化北极海洋和阿拉斯加北极海的气候和生态系统的变化以及这些变化与全球其他地方的关系，需要观察以量化通过贝林Strait的流量变化的特性。稻草中的全年海洋学测量（从系泊设备，即停泊到海底的仪器）始于1990年，表明该流量的强度和温度正在增加，并且在冬季急剧清新。这些变化被认为会对北极及其他地区产生重大影响。此外，卫星研究表明在北极食物链的底部大大增加了卫星研究，这表明通过稻草从太平洋的养分通量增加。但是，迄今为止，尚无全年或年际测量通过白令海峡的养分流以测试这一想法。由于系泊设备仍然是衡量白令海峡季节性和年际变化的唯一可行方法，因此该项目支持：四年的系泊设备，测量物理特性，例如流量，温度，盐度，盐度，海冰；生物地球化学特性，包括养分含量和生物活性的度量；以及参与分析和外展工作。后者包括将数据产品和结果提供给科学，公共和行业社区，并将白令海峡和北极科学带给公众，大学生和学校，包括白令海峡社区和公立和西班牙裔/拉丁裔/拉丁裔学校的学校，西雅图的西雅图。参与白令海峡和楚科奇南部的水文调查。每小时的系泊测量值将用于计算水性能，以及热量，淡水和硝酸盐的通量进入北极。这些原位测量结果将与卫星数据，数值天气预测模型数据以及验证的北极模型结果结合使用，以调查遍布遍布的变化的原因，并了解和量化Chukchi Sea中的变换，从而可以更好地估计直接在北极海洋上直接垂涎的海峡渗透率。该项目旨在获得白菜海峡的硝酸盐的第一年测量，是该地区的关键限制营养素，并通过扩展北极海洋中最长的原位物理仪器记录，从而为这一关键北极门户的多次变化衡量了这一关键的北极门户的多次衡量。这些奖项通过评估NSF的法定任务和支持的支持，这是由NSF的众多奖励均取决于良好的支持。标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Pacific cod or tikhookeanskaya treska (Gadus macrocephalus) in the Chukchi Sea during recent warm years: Distribution by life stage and age-0 diet and condition

DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105241
发表时间：
2023-01-09
期刊：
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cooper, Daniel W.;Cieciel, Kristin;Orlov, Alexei M.
通讯作者：
Orlov, Alexei M.

Gateway to the arctic: Defining the eastern channel of the Bering Strait

通往北极的门户：定义白令海峡东部通道

DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103052
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Progress in Oceanography
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Zimmermann, Mark;Woodgate, Rebecca A.;Prescott, Megan M.
通讯作者：
Prescott, Megan M.

Monitoring Alaskan Arctic Shelf Ecosystems Through Collaborative Observation Networks

通过协作观测网络监测阿拉斯加北极陆架生态系统

DOI：
10.5670/oceanog.2022.119
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Oceanography
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Danielson, Seth;Grebmeier, Jacqueline;Iken, Katrin;Berchok, Catherine;Britt, Lyle;Dunton, Kenneth;Eisner, Lisa;Farley, Edward;Fujiwara, Amane;Hauser, Donna
通讯作者：
Hauser, Donna

Boundary Currents at the Northern Edge of the Chukchi Sea at 166°W

西经 166° 楚科奇海北缘边界流

DOI：
10.1029/2022jc018997
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
影响因子：
0
作者：
Li, Min;Pickart, Robert S.;Lin, Peigen;Woodgate, Rebecca A.;Wang, Guiyuan;Xie, Lingling
通讯作者：
Xie, Lingling

Arctic and Sub‐Arctic Mechanisms Explaining Observed Increasing Northward Flow Through the Bering Strait and Why Models May Be Getting It Wrong

北极和亚北极机制解释了观察到的通过白令海峡向北流动的增加以及为什么模型可能会出错