Collaborative Research: An Ocean Observing System for the Bering Strait, the Pacific Gateway to the Arctic - an integral part of the Arctic Observing Network

合作研究：白令海峡海洋观测系统，太平洋通往北极的门户——北极观测网络的组成部分

• 批准号: 0855748
• 负责人: Rebecca Woodgate
• 金额: $ 122.44万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855748&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ocean; Observing; System; Collaborative; Research; Ocean; Observing; System

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009(Public Law 111-5).Recent measurements of the Bering Strait throughflow fluxes find strong seasonal and interannual variability, so far unpredictable ? the heat flux increase from 2001 to 2004 is enough to melt an 800 km by 800 km area of 1 m thick ice, and the internannual variability in freshwater is likely ~ 30%. Yet, understanding of what sets the properties and variability of the throughflow is still rudimentary and our ability to measure these fluxes accurately is constrained by lack of access to the most nutrient-rich western half of the strait (which lies in Russian waters) and difficulties in deploying instruments within the upper water column (due to potential ice-keel damage to instrumentation), where stratification and coastal boundary currents (especially the Alaskan Coastal Current in the eastern channel) contribute significantly to freshwater and heat fluxes.Given the significant role of Pacific waters in the Arctic, quantifying the Bering Strait throughflow and its properties is important to understanding the present functioning of the Arctic system, as well as the causes and prediction of present and future Arctic change. This makes a Bering Strait monitoring system a vital component of the Arctic Observing Network (AON). Thus, this proposal is for an international project to: 1) measure the velocities and water properties of the Bering Strait throughflow, and quantify oceanic fluxes of volume, freshwater, heat and nutrients through the strait;2) design (and calibrate) an optimum monitoring system for oceanic fluxes through the Bering Strait on daily to interannual time scales, using in situ, satellite, and numerical weather prediction results; and3) utilize the system design to improve and extend previous Bering Strait flux estimates back several decades and provide uncertainty estimates for all fluxes.To obtain the necessary data to design and calibrate an effective, efficient monitoring system for the strait, the project focuses on a 3-year deployment (2010-2013) of an 8-mooring array, supported by annual CTD surveys, satellite data, and model winds. The array includes upper and lower layer temperature, salinity and velocity measurements in both channels of the strait and at one ?climate? site to the north, and across-strait pressure measurements. Ship time and acquisition of Russian working permissions are supported by NOAA.

该奖项是根据2009年的《美国回收与再投资法》（公法111-5）资助的。到目前为止无法预测的季节性和年际可变性，对白令海峡遍布通量的测量发现了强大的季节性和年龄段变异性？从2001年到2004年的热通量增加足以融化800 km乘800公里的1 m厚冰面积，淡水的实习生变化可能约为30％。然而，了解设定遍布的特性和可变性的理解仍然是基本的，我们准确地测量这些通量的能力是由于无法获得最富有营养丰富的海峡西半部分（在俄罗斯水域中）（位于俄罗斯水域）和在上层水柱中部署仪器（由于层次造成的沿海沿岸的沿沿岸造成的沿沿海地）（尤其是沿海地）（尤其是沿海地）（尤其是沿海地）（尤其是沿海地），这是由于无法获得最营养丰富的西半部分（在俄罗斯水域中）的限制。赋予太平洋水域在北极地区的重要作用，量化白令海峡泛滥及其特性对于理解北极系统的当前功能以及当前和未来北极变化的原因和预测至关重要。这使得白令海峡监测系统成为北极观测网络（AON）的重要组成部分。 Thus, this proposal is for an international project to: 1) measure the velocities and water properties of the Bering Strait throughflow, and quantify oceanic fluxes of volume, freshwater, heat and nutrients through the strait;2) design (and calibrate) an optimum monitoring system for oceanic fluxes through the Bering Strait on daily to interannual time scales, using in situ, satellite, and numerical weather prediction results; and3) utilize the system design to improve and extend previous Bering Strait flux estimates back several decades and provide uncertainty estimates for all fluxes.To obtain the necessary data to design and calibrate an effective, efficient monitoring system for the strait, the project focuses on a 3-year deployment (2010-2013) of an 8-mooring array, supported by annual CTD surveys, satellite data, and model winds.阵列包括海峡两个通道和气候下的两个通道中的上层和下层温度，盐度和速度测量值？位于北部和跨性质压力测量。 NOAA支持船舶时间和俄罗斯工作许可。