The Seasonal Behavioral Ecology of Respiratory Disease

呼吸道疾病的季节性行为生态学

• 批准号: 2149108
• 负责人: Kathrine Starkweather
• 金额: $ 38.43万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2149108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Seasonal; Behavioral; Ecology; Respiratory; Disease

Respiratory illnesses, like those caused by viruses like COVID-19, Influenza, and RSV, are among the leading causes of death for American citizens, especially for those in older and younger age groups, and for immunocompromised individuals. Global spread of these viruses continues to pose a threat in the United States; therefore, it is important to understand how they are transmitted in different cultural settings. In addition to the potential public health benefits of this study, it facilitates scientific training of a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students. Public dissemination of findings will also inform community members on the roles of the household and extended family members in transmitting disease, and measures to prevent transmission of respiratory viruses among family and friends.This study is designed to assess how social behavior and environmental conditions interact to affect the transmission of common respiratory viruses and longer-term health impacts of illness in a tropical setting. To do so, the research team is collecting year-round, community-wide data on social networks and symptoms of respiratory illnesses, seasonal biological markers of respiratory infection, and seasonal anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and upper arm circumference. In-depth interviews are being conducted to gain an understanding of how people think about illness risk. This study tests the theory that humans use behavior to adapt to environmental circumstances, and that they do so in a way that maximizes benefits and minimizes risks associated with the behavior. This may help to inform future public health policy on how best to minimize transmission of respiratory viruses.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

呼吸道疾病，例如由Covid-19，流感和RSV等病毒引起的疾病，也是美国公民的主要死亡原因，特别是对于年龄较小的年龄段的人以及免疫功能低下的人。这些病毒的全球传播在美国继续构成威胁。因此，重要的是要了解它们如何在不同的文化环境中传播。除了这项研究的潜在公共卫生益处外，它还有助于对各种研究生和本科生的科学培训。公众对调查结果的传播还将告知社区成员家庭和大家庭成员在传播疾病中的作用，以及防止家庭和朋友之间呼吸道病毒传播的措施。这项研究旨在评估社会行为和环境状况如何相互作用，以影响普通呼吸道病毒的传播以及在热带环境中疾病的长期健康影响。为此，研究团队正在全年收集有关社交网络的全年数据以及呼吸道疾病的症状，呼吸道感染的季节性生物学标志物以及季节性人体测量值，包括身高，体重和上臂周长。正在进行深入的访谈，以了解人们如何看待疾病风险。这项研究检验了人类利用行为适应环境环境的理论，并且它们以最大化的好处并最大程度地减少与行为相关的风险。这可能有助于为未来的公共卫生政策提供有关如何最好地最大程度地减少呼吸病毒的传播的未来公共卫生政策。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估值得支持的。