CAREER: Dynamic Water Transport Timescales: Quantifying Hydrodynamic Responses to Perturbations Across Time and Space in a River Delta

职业：动态水运时间尺度：量化河流三角洲跨时间和空间扰动的水动力响应

• 批准号: 2142881
• 负责人: Matthew Hiatt
• 金额: $ 48.09万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2142881&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Dynamic; Water; Transport; Timescales

Surface water movement through coastal environments is controlled by both marine and terrestrial processes, which yields complicated patterns of water circulation that vary through time and space. The time it takes for water to move through an environment is often used as an important estimator of water quality and ecosystem health. In river deltas, this is complicated by the presence of deep, fast-moving water in channels that is connected to slow, shallow moving water in vegetated wetlands. It is important to understand how water transport times in river deltas evolve over time because of the considerable interest in using natural deltaic land-building processes for coastal restoration. This project investigates these issues using field work in coastal Louisiana and computer simulations of water movement in growing river deltas. An educational plan builds on these themes by training university students using innovative field measurements for coastal hydrology, integrating coastal hydrology research into undergraduate and graduate coursework, and engaging K-8 students with demonstrations, guided research projects, and field trips. River deltas are highly dynamic ecosystems with complicated hydrology that are of significant societal and environmental importance. This research addresses an urgent need in hydrology to understand how hydrological processes evolve in non-stationary ecosystems using numerical modeling, field observations, and graph theory. The project will develop the concept of Dynamic Water Transport Timescales and establish a framework for quantifying how changes to delta morphology and hydrodynamics impact water transport time. Fundamental questions will be addressed concerning the impacts of multi-decadal morphodynamic change on short-term hydrological transport in river deltas, the surface water responses to internal and external perturbations across time and space, and the links between deltaic channel network structure and water transport times. This award is co-funded by the Hydrologic Sciences program and the Education & Human Resources program in the Division of Earth Sciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地表水通过沿海环境的流动受海洋和陆地过程的控制，这产生了随着时间和空间而变化的复杂水流模式。水经过环境所需的时间通常被用作水质和生态系统健康的重要估计量。在三角洲河中，由于在植被湿地中与缓慢而浅水的水通道中存在深层，快速移动的水，这使这变得复杂。重要的是要了解三角洲河中的水运输时间如何随着时间的流逝而发展，这是因为人们对使用天然的三角洲土地建设过程进行沿海恢复很有兴趣。该项目使用路易斯安那州沿海地区的现场工作和生长河三角洲的水运动进行了现场工作。通过培训大学生，使用沿海水文学的创新现场测量，将沿海水文学研究纳入本科和研究生课程，并吸引K-8学生进行示范，指导研究项目和实地考察，以培训大学生来建立教育计划。 河三角洲是高度动态的生态系统，具有复杂的水文学，具有重要的社会和环境重要性。这项研究旨在解决水文的迫切需求，以了解使用数值建模，现场观测和图理论在非平稳生态系统中如何发展的水文过程。该项目将发展动态水运输时间标准的概念，并建立一个框架，用于量化三角洲形态的变化和流体动力学如何影响水的运输时间。将解决有关多年形态学变化对河三角洲短期水文运输的影响，地表水跨时间和空间对内部和外部扰动的响应以及三角洲通道网络结构和水运输时间之间的联系。该奖项由《地球科学》部的《水文科学计划》和《教育与人力资源计划》共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为值得通过评估来支持。