Collaborative Research: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Response to a Herbivore-Associated Peptide Elicitor

合作研究：了解草食动物相关肽诱导子免疫反应的分子机制

• 批准号: 2139987
• 负责人: Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar
• 金额: $ 25.35万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Molecular; Mechanisms

Plants are defended from pests and pathogens through a sophisticated immune system to recognize attackers. The molecular pathways which control immune responses to chewing herbivores such as caterpillars are poorly understood. Detection of insect attackers is mediated by receptors at the plant cell plasma membrane which bind characteristic molecular patterns of attack and send intracellular signals to active defense responses. How these receptors carry out recognition and signaling functions is of critical importance for disease and pest resistance including in crop plants. This proposal seeks to define pathways and molecular factors which control plant responses to herbivores within an attacked plant leaf. Understanding these factors will allow targeted breeding and/or engineering of resistance traits against herbivores. The project will also launch an innovative cross-campus internship to solidify undergraduate identity as a plant biologist. Two undergraduates each summer will participate in the alternative campus’ Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) internship at University of Washington or UC Davis in a mentored research experience, before returning to their home campus for their senior year. Participation for each student in two plant immunity labs will strengthen confidence and feeling of self-efficacy in promising BIPOC or first-gen interns.The project will leverage Inceptin Receptor (INR), a newly discovered pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which detects Inceptin, a herbivore-associated molecular pattern (HAMP) found in caterpillar oral secretions. INR is a leucine-rich repeat-containing, receptor-like protein and is specific to a subtribe of legumes, the Phaseolinae. The project will use backcrossed lines of common bean with an introgressed INR deletion to quantify the contribution of INR to overall herbivore defense. Receptor-dependent responses following live herbivore challenge will be quantified at multiple timepoints and spatial scales. Reverse genetic approaches will be used to test the contribution of putative herbivore-specific factors. A forward genetic screen for novel legume factors will also be performed. The project will test the hypothesis that INR-mediated responses to HAMPs reflect amplification of damage-associated processes as well as specific targets for strong anti-herbivore defense responses. The proposed work will span plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore interactions to contribute to a holistic view of PRRs functions in plant biotic interactions. INR is a candidate for transfer into legume and non-legume species that lack this specific PRR, including soybean. Understanding the immune contribution of a HAMP recognition module will inform the use of PRRs to confer agricultural traits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

通过复杂的免疫系统，通过害虫和病原体定义植物，以识别攻击者。对咀嚼草食动物（如毛毛虫）的咀嚼的分子途径知之甚少。昆虫攻击者的检测是由植物细胞质膜的接收器介导的，该质膜的特征性分子模式与主动防御反应结合并发送细胞内信号。这些受体如何执行识别和信号传导功能对于包括作物植物（包括作物植物）（包括疾病）至关重要。该提案旨在定义途径和分子因素，这些途径和分子因素控制植物对遭受攻击的植物叶中食草动物的反应。了解这些因素将允许针对草食动物的抗性特征有针对性的繁殖和/或工程。该项目还将推出创新的跨校园实习，以巩固本科生身份为植物生物学家。每年夏天的两名大学生将参加替代校园的路易斯·斯托克斯（Louis Stokes）少数群体参与（LSAMP）在华盛顿大学或加州大学戴维斯分校的实习生的指导研究经验，然后返回高年级的家庭校园。每个学生参加两个植物免疫实验室的参与将增强有前途的BIPOC或第一代实习生的自信心和自我效能感。该项目将利用Inceptin受体（INR），这是一种新发现的模式识别受体（PRR），该模式识别受体（PRR）检测到Incectin inctectin，它在CATERPILL SESSTRPILLS或ALS中发现了Herbivore herbivore herbivore herbivore herbivore herbivore sypersiped syperpills sectibles orals orals orals orals orals oral orals orals orals orals orals orals orals orals。 INR是一种富含亮氨酸的重复含量，受体样蛋白，特定于豆科植物的亚部落。该项目将使用带有INR删除的常见Bean的反交叉线条来量化INR对整体草食动物防御的贡献。活草食挑战后的受体依赖性反应将在多个时间点和空间尺度上进行量化。反向遗传方法将用于测试推定的草食动物特异性因素的贡献。还将进行新型豆科植物因子的正向遗传筛选。该项目将检验以下假设：INR介导的对HAMP的反应反映了损伤相关过程的扩增以及强大的抗Herberbivore防御反应的特定目标。拟议的工作将涵盖植物病原体和植物性植物动物的相互作用，从而有助于对植物生物相互作用中PRRS功能的整体视野。 INR是转移到缺乏这种特定PRR（包括大豆）的豆类和非乳液物种中的候选人。了解汉普识别模块的免疫贡献将告知PRR的使用来赋予农业特征。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准评估来诚实地获得支持。