Dissection of subcellular sites of NLR function during immune signaling

免疫信号传导过程中 NLR 功能亚细胞位点的剖析

• 批准号: 1354434
• 负责人: Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar
• 金额: $ 76.4万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissection; subcellular; sites; NLR; function

Resistance proteins (R-proteins) are key players in a plant's defensive repertoire against pathogenic microbes. R-proteins act as sentinels that recognize incursion by a pathogen and initiate responses to limit the extent of infection. Although we understand in some detail the nature of the initial recognition event, little is known about how R-proteins signal to the plant that defenses need to be deployed. This project follows the intriguing observation that at least some R-proteins, once activated by a pathogen, interact with other proteins to stimulate enhanced expression of genes required to mount an effective immune response. The research to be carried out seeks to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate these events. The results are likely to contribute new strategies for developing crop varieties that are resistant to economically significant plant diseases. The project will provide training for a postdoctoral researcher and a graduate student. Undergraduate students from under-represented minorities and economically disadvantaged students from the Biology Undergraduate Scholars Program (BUSP) will be trained. The project will also teach and train a high school student from Young Scholar Program (YSP) at UC Davis. The project will organize a science field trip for 5th grade students from an Elementary School to UC Davis.In plants and animals, the Nucleotide-binding domain and Leucine-rich Repeat (NLR) class of intracellular immune receptors function in defense against pathogens. Despite extensive research, post-pathogen recognition events leading to NLR activation and induction of defense signaling remain elusive. The investigators recent results indicate that the plant NLR N associates with the SPL6 protein in the nucleus to activate successful immune response against Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV). SPL6 is also required for NLR RPS4-mediated defense against Pseudomonas syringae bacteria expressing AvrRps4 effector. Therefore, SPL6 appears to be a conserved nuclear component that acts as a bridge between an activated NLR and induction of defense genes. In this project, the investigators will use a combination of genetic, molecular, biochemical, genomics, proteomics, and cell biology based approaches to understand the subcellular dynamics of NLRs during immune signaling. Precise function of SPL6 during immune signaling will be determined by identification and characterization of direct target genes that are regulated by SPL6. Also SPL6 interacting proteins will be identified and characterized. Results from the project will advance the field of immunity by providing mechanistic insights into NLRs function especially with respect to their spatial distribution and dynamics during defense. Knowledge gained will improve our understanding of plant immunity, help harness it to aid in the development of pathogen resistant crops and promote food security.

抗性蛋白（R蛋白）是植物防御性微生物的防御性曲目中的关键参与者。 R蛋白充当哨兵，识别病原体的入侵并引发反应以限制感染程度。尽管我们详细了解了初始识别事件的性质，但关于R蛋白向植物发信号的最初知之甚少。该项目遵循一个有趣的观察结果，即至少某些被病原体激活的R蛋白与其他蛋白质相互作用，以刺激增强的基因表达，以实现有效的免疫反应。进行的研究试图增强我们对介导这些事件的分子机制的理解。结果可能会为开发具有对经济意义的植物疾病具有抵抗力的作物品种的新策略。该项目将为博士后研究人员和研究生提供培训。来自代表性不足的少数群体和来自生物学本科学者计划（BUSP）的经济弱势学生的本科生将接受培训。该项目还将在加州大学戴维斯分校的年轻学者计划（YSP）中教和培训一名高中生。该项目将组织一次科学实地考察，从小学到戴维斯分校，动物和动物，核苷酸结合结构域和核苷重复（NLR）类细胞内免疫受体在防御病原体中起作用。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但导致NLR激活和防御信号诱导的病原体识别事件仍然难以捉摸。研究人员最近的结果表明，植物NLR N与核中的SPL6蛋白相关，以激活针对烟草马赛克病毒（TMV）的成功免疫反应。 NLR RPS4介导的针对表达AVRRPS4效应子的假单胞菌细菌的防御也需要SPL6。因此，SPL6似乎是一种保守的核成分，它充当活化的NLR和防御基因诱导之间的桥梁。在该项目中，研究人员将使用基于遗传，分子，生化，基因组学，蛋白质组学和基于细胞生物学的方法的组合来了解免疫信号传导期间NLR的亚细胞动力学。 SPL6在免疫信号传导过程中的精确功能将通过识别和表征受SPL6调节的直接靶基因来确定。 SPL6相互作用的蛋白质也将被识别和表征。该项目的结果将通过向NLRS功能提供机械见解，尤其是在防御过程中的空间分布和动态方面，通过提供机械洞察力来提高免疫力领域。获得的知识将提高我们对植物免疫力的理解，帮助利用其有助于发展病原体作物并促进粮食安全。