Collaborative Research: BEE: Integrating Evolutionary Genetics and Population Ecology to Detect Contemporary Adaptation to Climate Change Across a Species Range

合作研究：BEE：整合进化遗传学和种群生态学来检测当代跨物种对气候变化的适应

• 批准号: 2131817
• 负责人: Christopher Muir
• 金额: $ 22.04万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131817&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; BEE; Integrating; Evolutionary

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Plant and animal populations typically perform best in the particular environments in which they evolved. However, climate change is now disrupting the evolved fit between organisms and their environments, leading to population declines. Natural areas loved by people and required by native species are being drastically and rapidly changed as key species are lost. But, if there is genetic variation in the ability to survive and reproduce in a changing climate, then evolution may lift population growth enough to enable population persistence. This study will provide policy makers and conservation managers guidelines to evaluate the potential efficacy of such evolutionary rescue. The PIs will measure population growth rates and the speed of evolutionary response of Scarlet Monkeyflower to the major, multi-year drought that took place between 2011-2016 in the western United States. This project will also provide training in ecological, evolutionary, and statistical concepts and approaches for high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers, including those from underrepresented groups.Although adaptation by natural selection and population trends (demography) are typically studied separately by evolutionary biologists and ecologists, respectively, they are fundamentally connected by fitness. In declining populations, individual fitness is generally low and individuals do not replace themselves. However, heritable variation for critical traits can allow adaptive evolution, boost fitness, and lead to increased population growth rate. An important question is whether adaptation to changing climate will be faster than the rate of demographic decline. This study will use reciprocal transplant and resurrection studies spanning the native range of the Scarlet Monkeyflower (Mimulus cardinalis) in Oregon and California to evaluate natural selection during the 2011-2016 mega-drought. The PIs will determine if natural selection during the drought led to increased population growth rate, and whether this change was greatest in populations that started with the most heritable variation for drought-related traits and fitness.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。植入和动物种群通常在其进化的特定环境中表现最好。但是，气候变化现在正在破坏生物体及其环境之间的进化拟合度，导致人口下降。随着关键物种丢失，人们所爱的自然区域正在巨大而迅速地变化。但是，如果在气候变化中生存和繁殖的能力存在遗传差异，那么进化可能会提高人口的增长足以使人口持久性。这项研究将为决策者和保护经理指南提供评估这种进化救援的潜在效力。 PI将衡量人口增长率和猩红色猴子对主要多年干旱的进化速度，这是在2011 - 2016年在美国西部发生的。该项目还将为高中生，本科生，研究生和博士后研究人员提供有关生态，进化和统计概念和方法的培训，包括来自代表性不足的群体的研究人员。尽管自然选择和人口趋势（人口统计学）的适应不足，但通常由进化生物学家和生态学家分别研究，他们分别通过适合他们的身材进行了依据。在人口下降时，个人健身通常很低，并且个人不会取代自己。但是，关键特征的遗传差异可以使自适应发展，提高健康状况并导致人口增长率提高。一个重要的问题是，适应气候变化的速度是否会比人口下降的速度更快。这项研究将使用涉及俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州猩红色猴花（Mimulus cardinalis）天然范围的互惠移植和复活研究，以评估2011 - 2016年大型干旱期间的自然选择。 PI将确定在干旱期间的自然选择是否导致人口增长率提高，以及这种变化在人口中是否始于与干旱相关特征和健身的最可行的变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响，通过评估值得支持的支持，这是值得的。