RII Track-4: Penetrating the Inner Lives of Leaves to Breed Water-Wise Crops Using Math, 3D Imaging, and Experiments

RII Track-4：利用数学、3D 成像和实验深入了解叶子的内部生命，培育节水作物

• 批准号: 1929167
• 负责人: Christopher Muir
• 金额: $ 13.4万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Penetrating; Inner; Lives

There is a need to grow more food with less land and fewer inputs to meet the demands of a growing population while simultaneously protecting the environment. Leveraging traits in the wild relatives of crop species could help breed sustainable crop varieties that produce more food with fewer resources. Leaf anatomy has a major effect on photosynthesis by determining rates of carbon gain and water loss. The aim of this project is to figure out if the leaf anatomy of wild relatives can improve the water-use efficiency of crops. To achieve this goal, the PI will integrate existing mathematical representations of carbon and water movement within leaves, parameterize models with 3D images of leaves from wild tomato species, and test model predictions using customized equipment for measuring photosynthesis. The mathematical tools and data collected on wild tomatoes will improve our nation's ability to grow food sustainably.Wild relatives of crop species are an underutilized reservoir of traits that could make agriculture more sustainable. The internal anatomy of leaves influences the rate of carbon gain and water loss during photosynthesis. It is not clear how crop water-use efficiency could be improved by harnessing natural variation in leaf anatomy among crop-wild relatives. This project aims to leverage recent advances in modeling, imaging, and measuring of leaf interiors in order to discover how and why crop-wild relatives of tomato (Solanum spp.) use water more wisely than their domesticated cousins. The goals of this project are to 1) model gas exchange (H2O and CO2 fluxes) in the leaf interior to understand how anatomy affects water-use efficiency; 2) image 3D leaf interiors using microCT to accurately quantify key traits identified by modeling; and 3) measure gas exchange parameters in wild tomatoes to validate modeling. With collaborators at the University of California, Davis, these objectives will be achieved by analyzing a spatially-explicit model of CO2 and water transport within the leaf, parameterizing the model using 3D images of wild tomato leaf interiors, and testing model predictions using a custom gas exchange system for artificial gas mixtures. This work will reveal both the opportunities and potential challenges of improving crop sustainability by introducing leaf anatomical variation from wild relatives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

有必要种植更多的食物，土地较少，投入较少，以满足人口增长的需求，同时保护环境。在农作物物种的野生亲属中利用特征可以帮助繁殖可持续的农作物品种，这些品种以更少的资源产生更多的食物。叶解剖学通过确定碳获收和水分流失速率对光合作用产生了重大影响。该项目的目的是找出野生亲戚的叶子解剖结构是否可以提高农作物的水利用效率。为了实现这一目标，PI将在叶子内整合碳和水运动的现有数学表示，从野生番茄物种的叶子的3D图像进行参数化模型，并使用定制设备测量光合作用的定制设备进行测试模型预测。在野生西红柿上收集的数学工具和数据将提高我们国家可持续种植食物的能力。农作物的亲属是未充分利用的特征储层，可以使农业更具可持续性。叶子的内部解剖学会影响光合作用过程中碳增益和水分流失的速率。 目前尚不清楚如何通过利用农作物亲戚之间的叶片解剖结构自然变异来提高作物水利用效率。该项目旨在利用叶子内部建模，成像和测量的最新进展，以发现比驯养的表亲更明智地使用水的番茄（Solanum spp。）的作物伴侣亲戚。该项目的目标是1）叶片内部模型气体交换（H2O和CO2通量），以了解解剖学如何影响水利用效率； 2）使用Microct的图像3D叶Interiors准确地量化了通过建模识别的密钥特征； 3）测量野生西红柿中的气体交换参数以验证建模。与加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的合作者，这些目标将通过分析叶片内的二氧化碳和水运输的空间解释模型来实现，并使用野生番茄叶中室内的3D图像对模型进行参数化，并使用自定义气体交换系统进行人工气体混合物进行测试模型预测。这项工作将通过引入野生亲戚的叶子解剖学变化来揭示改善农作物可持续性的机会和潜在挑战。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估标准来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Finding genes responsible for evolution of complex 3D leaf anatomy using tomographic microscopy

使用断层扫描显微镜寻找负责复杂 3D 叶子解剖结构进化的基因

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Botany
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Muir, CD;Bonnin A;Buckley TN;Conesa, MÀ;Galmés J;McKlin S;Rippner DA;Schmeltz M;Théroux-Rancourt G
• 通讯作者: Théroux-Rancourt G