Mechanism of Trehalose Control of Shoot Development

海藻糖控制芽发育的机制

• 批准号: 2131631
• 负责人: David Jackson
• 金额: $ 67.16万
• 依托单位: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2131631&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanism; Trehalose; Control; Shoot; Development

Plant growth and development relies on the availability of resources, including sugars produced through photosynthesis, however how plants coordinate these processes is largely unknown. This project will study genes in plants that produce a type of sugar called trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) that acts as an important hormone in plants, similar to insulin in humans. The researchers have found unexpected properties of the enzymes that produce T6P, including presence in cell nuclei, and association with proteins that bind to ribonucleic acids. They also found that different enzymes in the same pathway form a physical complex that may coordinate its activity. The project will investigate the structural organization of this complex, using a high resolution method called cryo-electron microscopy, and explore how it coordinates plants growth. By providing insight into the roles of T6P in metabolic signaling and plant growth, the project outcomes will provide a clearer understanding of crop plant growth, with relevance to agricultural productivity. The researchers will also contribute to outreach and education by training high school students as well as a post-doctoral researcher. The project PI directs the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Partners for The Future Program, which mentors high school students, and allows them to experience life in a cutting-edge research laboratory. The project will expand this program, with a focus on providing needs-blind mentoring and research opportunities to high school students from under-represented groups and supporting their scientific development. Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) is an important regulator of sugar metabolism and growth in plants, with specific roles in branching, flowering time and stress resilience. However, the molecular mechanisms by which T6P controls these processes is unknown. This proposal aims to understand the mechanism by which RAMOSA3 (RA3), which encodes a trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPP) enzyme, controls maize shoot branching. RA3 accumulates in nuclear puncta, undergoes phase separation, and interacts with RNA binding proteins and trehalose phosphate synthase (TPS) proteins. These findings suggest that RA3 uses an unconventional moonlighting activity to control the expression of developmental programs in response to metabolic signals. The project will use multiple approaches at cellular, proteomic and genomic scales to ask how an enzyme implicated in sugar signaling controls plant development. This research has the potential to elucidate a clearer understanding of T6P signaling, which is relevant to plant metabolism, stress signaling, flowering and inflorescence architecture, all of which are important factors in crop productivity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物的生长和发展取决于资源的可用性，包括通过光合作用产生的糖，但是植物如何协调这些过程是未知的。 该项目将研究产生一种称为海藻糖6-磷酸盐（T6P）的植物中的基因，该糖在植物中充当重要的激素，类似于人类的胰岛素。研究人员发现了产生T6P的酶的意外特性，包括在细胞核中存在，并与与核糖核酸结合的蛋白质相关。 他们还发现，在同一途径中的不同酶形成了一种可能协调其活性的物理复合物。 该项目将使用称为冷冻电子显微镜的高分辨率方法研究该复合物的结构组织，并探索其如何协调植物的生长。通过洞悉T6P在代谢信号传导和植物生长中的作用，该项目的结果将为作物植物生长提供更清晰的了解，与农业生产力有关。研究人员还将通过培训高中生以及博士后研究人员为外展和教育做出贡献。 PI项目指导冷春港实验室合作伙伴未来计划，该计划指导高中生，并允许他们在尖端的研究实验室体验生活。 该项目将扩大该计划，重点是为来自代表性不足的团体的高中学生提供需求盲的指导和研究机会，并支持其科学发展。黄硅糖6-磷酸（T6P）是糖代谢和植物生长的重要调节剂，在分支，开花时间和压力弹性中具有特定的作用。但是，T6P控制这些过程的分子机制尚不清楚。该建议旨在了解编码海藻糖磷酸磷酸酶（TPP）酶的Ramosa3（RA3）的机制，控制玉米芽分支。 RA3在核点中积聚，经历相分离，并与RNA结合蛋白和磷酸磷酸蛋白（TPS）蛋白相互作用。这些发现表明，RA3使用非常规的月光活性来控制对代谢信号的发育计划的表达。该项目将在细胞，蛋白质组学和基因组尺度上使用多种方法，询问与糖信号传导有关的酶如何控制植物的发育。这项研究有可能阐明对T6P信号的了解，这与植物代谢，压力信号，开花和花序结构有关，所有这些都是农作物生产力的重要因素。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过基金会的知识绩效和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得的。

项目成果

Traveling with purpose: cell-to-cell transport of plant mRNAs

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.05.010
• 发表时间: 2024-01-04
• 期刊: TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 19
• 作者: Kitagawa，Munenori;Tran，Thu M.;Jackson，David
• 通讯作者: Jackson，David