Mechanism of trehalose control of shoot development

海藻糖控制芽发育的机制

• 批准号: 1755141
• 负责人: David Jackson
• 金额: $ 68.38万
• 依托单位: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755141&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanism; trehalose; control; shoot; development

How plants coordinate their growth and development according to the availability of resources, including sugars produced through photosynthesis, is largely unknown. The project will study a gene called RAMOSA3 that produces an enzyme that can degrade a type of sugar called trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P). T6P is thought to be an important hormone in plants, similar to insulin in animals. The researchers have found unexpected properties of the RAMOSA3 enzyme, including being present in the nucleus of cells, and interacting with a class of proteins that bind to ribonucleic acids. These findings suggest that RAMOSA3 is doing something different to its expected function as an enzyme, and the researchers will explore the ways in which RAMOSA3 is able to control how plants grow. Broader Impacts: Plants adapt their growth according to available resources, but how crosstalk between metabolism and development is achieved is not well understood, and the project outcomes will give a clearer understanding of relevance to agricultural productivity. The researchers will also contribute to outreach and education by training graduate and high school students as well as a post-doctoral researcher. The investigator directs a program, which allows local high school students, including minorities, to experience life in a research lab. The investigator's lab will also develop an educational and research exchange with a Middle School in Brooklyn, New York, with hands on experiments used to confer the excitement of scientific research to students, and discussions of how science benefits society. The disaccharide trehalose and its intermediate trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) have emerged as important regulators of sugar metabolism in plants, and trehalose pathway mutants or mis-expression lines have specific phenotypes affecting branching, flowering time and drought sensitivity. However, the molecular mechanism by which T6P controls these processes is unknown. This research project is to understand the mechanism by which RAMOSA3 (RA3), which encodes a trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPP) enzyme, controls maize shoot branching. Preliminary results suggest that RA3 acts in the nucleus, where it is found in sub-nuclear domains, and interacts genetically and physically with RNA binding proteins. These findings suggest that RA3 may act in a gene regulatory network with RNA binding proteins, to control expression of downstream genes in response to metabolic signals. The discovery of RNA binding proteins that interact with RA3 provides an opportunity to understand how a metabolic enzyme can control gene expression necessary to direct plant development or other aspects of plant growth. The research will build on these findings by elucidating downstream factors and interacting proteins and RNAs that will lead to new emergent models of how RA3 functions as an integrator across scales in metabolic and developmental control. The project will also train students at multiple levels and will contribute to public education of plant biology research at middle and high school levelsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物如何根据资源的可用性（包括通过光合作用产生的糖）协调其生长和发展，这在很大程度上尚不清楚。 该项目将研究一个称为Ramosa3的基因，该基因产生一种酶，该酶可以降解一种称为三链磷酸三磷酸（T6P）的糖。 T6P被认为是植物中的重要激素，类似于动物中的胰岛素。 研究人员发现了Ramosa3酶的意外特性，包括存在于细胞核中，并与与核糖核酸结合的一类蛋白质相互作用。 这些发现表明，Ramosa3正在做一些与其预期功能作为酶不同的事情，研究人员将探索Ramosa3能够控制植物生长的方式。 更广泛的影响：植物根据现有资源适应其增长，但是对新陈代谢和发展之间的串扰尚不清楚，该项目的成果将对与农业生产力的相关性有更清晰的了解。研究人员还将通过培训研究生和高中生以及博士后研究人员为外展和教育做出贡献。调查人员指导一项计划，该计划允许包括少数民族在内的当地高中生在研究实验室体验生活。 调查员的实验室还将与纽约布鲁克林的一所中学建立教育和研究交流，并进行了实验，用于将科学研究兴奋给学生，并讨论科学如何使社会受益。二糖海藻糖及其中间海藻糖6-磷酸（T6P）已成为植物中糖代谢的重要调节剂，海藻糖途径突变体或误表达线具有影响分支，开花时间和干旱敏感性的特定表型。但是，T6P控制这些过程的分子机制尚不清楚。该研究项目旨在了解编码海藻糖磷酸磷酸盐磷酸酶（TPP）酶的Ramosa3（RA3）的机制，可以控制玉米芽分支。 初步结果表明，RA3在核中作用，在核中发现它在亚核结构域中发现，并与RNA结合蛋白在遗传和物理上相互作用。这些发现表明，RA3可以在具有RNA结合蛋白的基因调节网络中起作用，以控制下游基因的表达，以响应代谢信号。与RA3相互作用的RNA结合蛋白的发现提供了一个机会，可以了解代谢酶如何控制植物发育或植物生长的其他方面所需的基因表达。这项研究将通过阐明下游因素以及相互作用的蛋白质和RNA来建立在这些发现的基础上，这将导致新的新兴模型，即RA3如何在代谢和发育控制中跨量表范围内充当积分器。该项目还将在多个级别上培训学生，并将为中学和高中级的植物生物学研究的公共教育做出贡献，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Control of meristem determinacy by trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases is uncoupled from enzymatic activity

• DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0394-z
• 发表时间: 2019-04-01
• 期刊: NATURE PLANTS
• 影响因子: 18
• 作者: Claeys, Hannes;Vi, Son Lang;Jackson, David
• 通讯作者: Jackson, David

Gene duplication at the Fascicled ear1 locus controls the fate of inflorescence meristem cells in maize.

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019218118
• 发表时间: 2021-02-16
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Du Y;Lunde C;Li Y;Jackson D;Hake S;Zhang Z
• 通讯作者: Zhang Z

High-Throughput CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis Streamlines Trait Gene Identification in Maize

高通量 CRISPR/Cas9 诱变简化了玉米性状基因鉴定

• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00934
• 发表时间: 2020-05-01
• 期刊: PLANT CELL
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Liu, Hai-Jun;Jian, Liumei;Yan, Jianbing
• 通讯作者: Yan, Jianbing

An Optimized Whole‐Mount Immunofluorescence Method for Shoot Apices

一种优化的芽尖整体免疫荧光法

• DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.101
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Current Protocols
• 作者: Tran, Thu M.;Demesa‐Arevalo, Edgar;Kitagawa, Munenori;Garcia‐Aguilar, Marcelina;Grimanelli, Daniel;Jackson, David
• 通讯作者: Jackson, David