OCE-PRF: Variability in connectivity and receptivity of highly dynamic coastal ecosystems: implications for community structure and function in a recipient soft-sediment ecosystem

OCE-PRF：高度动态的沿海生态系统的连通性和接受性的变化：对接收者软沉积物生态系统中群落结构和功能的影响

• 批准号: 2126607
• 负责人: Kyle Emery
• 金额: $ 28.08万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2126607&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; PRF; Variability; connectivity; receptivity

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Coastal ecosystems face pressures from both the land and the sea, including development and sea level rise. It is important to better understand how coastal ecosystems function so that predictions can be made about how they may change under future conditions and to better manage these environments now and in the future. This project will use long-term data, observational studies, and experiments to learn more about the relationship between kelp forests and sandy beaches. Specifically, this project will explore how waves, tides, and sea level control the amount of kelp wrack that washes ashore, how the condition of kelp forests impacts the ecology of sandy beaches, and how beach wrack provides habitat and food for animals that live or find food on beaches. This project will develop new research methods using drones and start new, long-term monitoring datasets that will contribute to the conservation of these important coastal ecosystems. Additionally, this project will support the next generation of marine scientists and increase diversity in the field by providing research opportunities and mentoring to under-represented minorities at the undergraduate and high school levels. This project will also increase community awareness of coastal ecosystems and conservation issues through Earth Day participation, guest lecturing at public high schools, and public biology days at the university. Cross-ecosystem connectivity is a critical feature of many ecosystems and has important implications for food webs, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning. Sandy beach ecosystems provide a unique study system for the role of ecosystem subsidies because of strong natural gradients in the type and amount of marine wrack inputs and the dependence of multiple trophic levels on wrack for food and habitat. The proposed research will use a combination of observations, experiments, and theory to explore how environmental attributes, including ecosystem connectivity, food web subsidies, and natural variation work across scales to affect multiple levels of biological organization and ecosystem functioning. This study will utilize nearshore rocky reefs and sandy beaches to understand the fate of subsidies under varying environmental conditions, determine how variability and stability in a donor ecosystem affects the structure and function of the recipient ecosystem, and to explore how variability in the type and supply rate of subsidies affects its colonization and remineralization. This project will also initiate and contribute to long-term monitoring datasets and utilize unoccupied aerial vehicle-based methodology and analyses to quantify ecosystem subsidy dynamics and fate across spatial and temporal scales. Using a natural gradient in kelp forest persistence and a manipulative field experiment varying subsidy inputs, it will explore how subsidy variability impacts the biodiversity of multiple sandy beach trophic groups. Field experiments will be utilized to better constrain the dynamics and fate of subsidies over time and across a range of oceanographic and beach conditions. This research will expand understanding of the coupling between kelp forests and beaches and the fate of detrital kelp export. Results from field surveys and experiments will also further elucidate the importance of ecosystem connectivity for critical ecosystem functions from promoting and maintaining biodiversity to secondary productivity and other aspects of this detrital food web. This study will have implications for management and conservation of coastal ecosystems in the face of reduced connectivity, increased variability, and loss of food resources and habitat associated with global climate change and other direct anthropogenic pressures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》的全部或部分资助的（公共法117-2）。Coastal生态系统面临着来自土地和海洋的压力，包括发展和海平面上升。重要的是要更好地了解沿海生态系统如何运作，以便可以对它们在未来条件下可能发生变化并现在和将来更好地管理这些环境进行预测。该项目将使用长期数据，观察性研究和实验，以了解有关海带森林和沙滩之间关系的更多信息。具体而言，该项目将探讨海浪，潮汐和海平面如何控制冲浪的海带折磨的数量，海带森林的状况如何影响沙滩的生态，以及如何为在海滩上居住或找到食物的动物提供栖息地和食物。该项目将使用无人机开发新的研究方法，并启动新的长期监控数据集，以促进这些重要的沿海生态系统的保护。此外，该项目将通过为本科和高中级别的代表性不足的少数群体提供研究机会和指导，来支持下一代海洋科学家，并增加该领域的多样性。该项目还将通过地球日参与，公立高中的来宾讲座以及大学的公共生物学日，提高社区对沿海生态系统和保护问题的认识。跨生态系统连接是许多生态系统的关键特征，对食物网，生物多样性和生态系统功能具有重要意义。 Sandy Beach生态系统为生态系统补贴的作用提供了独特的研究系统，因为在海洋残骸输入的类型和数量中具有强大的自然梯度以及多种营养水平对食物和栖息地的依赖。拟议的研究将结合观察，实验和理论的组合来探讨环境属性，包括生态系统连通性，食物网络补贴以及跨尺度的自然变异工作，以影响多个级别的生物组织和生态系统功能。这项研究将利用近岸的岩石礁和沙滩来了解在不同环境条件下补贴的命运，确定供体生态系统中的可变性和稳定性如何影响受体生态系统的结构和功能，并探讨补贴类型和供应率的变异性如何影响其共同体化和重新计算。该项目还将启动并有助于长期监控数据集，并利用基于空中的空中车辆的方法和分析来量化生态系统补贴动力学和跨空间和时间尺度的命运。使用海带森林持久性的天然梯度和操纵性的实验实验改变了补贴投入，它将探讨补贴的可变性如何影响多个沙质海滩营养基团的生物多样性。现场实验将用于更好地限制随着时间的流逝以及一系列海洋和海滩条件的补贴的动态和命运。这项研究将扩大对海带森林和海滩之间的耦合以及碎屑海带出口的命运的了解。现场调查和实验的结果还将进一步阐明生态系统连接性对关键生态系统功能的重要性，从促进和维持生物多样性到二级生产力以及该碎屑食品网的其他方面。这项研究将对沿海生态系统的管理和保存产生影响，面对降低的连接性，增加的可变性以及与全球气候变化和其他直接人为压力相关的食品资源和栖息地的丧失，这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。

项目成果

Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

生态学和环境科学综合研究的重点

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4342
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Halpern, Benjamin S.;Boettiger, Carl;Dietze, Michael C.;Gephart, Jessica A.;Gonzalez, Patrick;Grimm, Nancy B.;Groffman, Peter M.;Gurevitch, Jessica;Hobbie, Sarah E.;Komatsu, Kimberly J.
• 通讯作者: Komatsu, Kimberly J.

Better Together: Early Career Aquatic Scientists Forge New Connections at Eco‐DAS XV

更好地在一起：早期职业水生科学家在 Eco–DAS XV 上建立新联系

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Limnology and oceanography bulletin
• 作者: Graham, Olivia J.;Al‐Haj, Alia;Arrington, Eleanor C.;Arsenault, Emily R.;Barbosa, Carolina C.;Bice, Kadir;Brahmstedt, Evie;Bryant, S. River;Cai, Xun;Calhoun‐Grosch, Stacy
• 通讯作者: Calhoun‐Grosch, Stacy

Using dune restoration on an urban beach as a coastal resilience approach

使用城市海滩沙丘恢复作为沿海恢复方法

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1187488
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Johnston, Karina K.;Dugan, Jenifer E.;Hubbard, David M.;Emery, Kyle A.;Grubbs, Melodie W.
• 通讯作者: Grubbs, Melodie W.