OCE-PRF Unraveling Southern Hemisphere westerly wind variability through the last ~150 ky using Tasman Sea sediments

OCE-PRF 利用塔斯曼海沉积物揭示了过去约 150 ky 的南半球西风变化

• 批准号: 2126500
• 负责人: Jordan Abell
• 金额: $ 28.07万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2126500&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; PRF; Unraveling; Southern; Hemisphere

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The Southern Hemisphere westerly winds, commonly referred to as the “westerlies”, play a crucial role in regional and global climate. Modern observations suggest that these winds are moving towards Antarctica and becoming stronger in response to anthropogenic warming. Shifts in the position and intensity of these winds can potentially impact ocean circulation, the distribution of natural and anthropogenic aerosols, and the carbon cycle. As such, developing a better understanding of how the westerly winds change when conditions on Earth were different from today is critical to enhancing our constraints on their future variability. The research proposed here seeks to reconstruct the characteristics of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies during climate states both colder and warmer than today over the last 150,000 years. To accomplish this, PI Abell will develop records of dust fluxes, sea-surface temperatures, and Australian vegetation regimes utilizing marine sediments from several cores in the Tasman Sea. It is the combination of these independent proxies related to the westerly winds, along with sampling multiple cores that cover an ~10° north-south transect, that will allow for information on both the position and strength of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies to be ascertained. As an NSF Postdoctoral Fellow, PI Abell will mentor high school and undergraduate students through several programs. One of these is the Southern Arizona Research, Science, and Engineering Foundation S.T.A.R Labs Program, where he will guide a local high school student through developing and executing a research project related to this proposed research. Additionally, PI Abell will work with a University of Arizona undergraduate student to prepare them for graduate school through the Ronald E. McNair Achievement Program. The proposed project will focus on reconstructing the characteristics of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds during various climate states over the last ~150 ky. PI Abell will utilize samples from three marine sediment cores spanning ~10° latitude in the Tasman Sea, along with four independent (organic and inorganic) geochemical methods, to investigate shifts in the position and intensity of the westerlies. Specifically, PI Abell will 1) produce constant flux proxy-derived dust flux records based on inorganic dust proxies, 2) use n-alkanes as a dust proxy to develop additional records of dust fluxes that are not influenced by volcanic inputs, 3) generate records of plant-wax carbon isotopes to gain information on C3/C4 vegetation boundaries, and in turn precipitation seasonality, in Australia, and 4) reconstruct shifts in the Subtropical and Tasman Fronts by utilizing the alkenone UK’37 SST proxy. Combined, information from these various proxies will allow for the reconstruction of both the position and intensity of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies during key climatic intervals such as the Holocene, the Last Glacial Maximum, and the last interglacial period. These datasets will be useful to the climate modeling community, as they will provide constraints on the natural variability of the westerlies to changes in potential driving mechanisms such as ice volume and atmospheric temperature gradients, thus aiding essential modeling of future changes in the westerly winds. Interpretations and conclusions drawn from this work will be brought to the public via non-technical settings such as public talks and presentations/activities at The Science Center at the Tucson Festival of Books.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。南半球西部风通常称为“西风”，在区域和全球气候中起着至关重要的作用。现代观察结果表明，这些风正在朝着南极朝着人为变暖的响应而变得更强壮。这些风的位置和强度的变化可能会影响海洋循环，自然和人为气溶胶的分布以及碳循环。因此，在地球上的条件与今天不同时，对西方风的变化有了更好的了解对于增强我们对未来变异性的约束至关重要。这里提出的研究旨在重建与过去15万年的气候状态下在气候状态下的南半球西方人的特征。为此，Pi Abell将利用塔斯曼海几个岩心的海洋沉积物来发展尘埃通量，海面温度和澳大利亚植被制度的记录。这是这些与西方风相关的独立代理的结合，以及覆盖左右横换eRCENT的多个核心，这将允许确定南半球西方人的位置和强度的信息。作为NSF博士后研究员，Pi Abell将通过多个课程指导高中和本科生。其中之一是亚利桑那州南部研究，科学和工程基金会S.T.A.R Labs计划，他将通过开发和执行与这项拟议研究相关的研究项目来指导当地的高中生。此外，Pi Abell将与亚利桑那大学的本科生合作，通过Ronald E. McNair成就计划为研究生院做准备。拟议的项目将着重于重建在最后一个〜150 ky的气候状态下南半球西半球的特征。皮阿贝尔（Pi Abell）将利用来自塔斯曼海（Tasman Sea）的三个海洋沉积物核心的样品，以及四种独立的（有机和无机）地球化学方法，来研究西风的位置和强度的变化。 PI Abell will 1) produce constant flux proxy-derived dust flux records based on inorganic dust proxies, 2) use n-alkanes as a dust proxy to develop additional records of dust fluxes that are not influenced by volcanic inputs, 3) generate records of plant-wax carbon isotopes to gain information on C3/C4 vegetation boundaries, and in turn precipitation seasonality, in Australia, and 4) reconstruct shifts in亚热带和塔斯曼的前沿使用烯烃UK’37 SST代理。从这些代理中的信息结合在一起，将允许在关键的杂交间隔（例如全新世，最后的冰川最大值和最后一次冰川期时期）重建南半球西风的位置和强度。这些数据集将对气候建模社区有用，因为它们将对西风的自然变异性提供限制，以改变潜在的驾驶机制，例如冰量和大气温度梯度，从而有助于西方风中未来变化的基本建模。从这项工作中得出的解释和结论将通过非技术环境（例如图森图书节科学中心的公开谈判和演讲/活动）提出，这奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Evaluating the Drivers of Quaternary Dust Fluxes to the Western North Pacific: East Asian Dustiness and Northern Hemisphere Gustiness

• DOI: 10.1029/2022pa004571
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: J. Abell;G. Winckler;A. Pullen;C. Kinsley;P. Kapp;J. Middleton;F. Pavia;D. McGee;H. Ford;M. Raymo

From Desiccation to Re‐Integration of the Yellow River Since the Last Glaciation

• DOI: 10.1029/2023gl103632
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Yuqi Zhao;Niannian Fan;J. Nie;J. Abell;Yu An;Zhangdong Jin;Chengshan Wang;Jia-Fu Zhang;Xing-nian Liu;Ruihua Nie

Climate Evolution Through the Onset and Intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation

• DOI: 10.1029/2022rg000793
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Reviews of Geophysics
• 影响因子: 25.2
• 作者: E. McClymont;S. L. Ho;H. L. Ford;I. Bailey;M. Berke;C. Bolton;S. Schepper;G. Grant;J. Groeneveld;G. Inglis;C. Karas;M. O. Patterson;G. Swann;K. Thirumalai;S. M. White;M. Alonso-García;P. Anand;B. Hoogakker;K. Littler;B. Petrick;B. Risebrobakken;J. Abell;A. J. Crocker;F. D. Graaf;S. Feakins;J. C. Hargreaves;C. L. Jones;M. Markowska;A. S. Ratnayake;C. Stepanek;D. Tangunan

Long‐Term Variability in Pliocene North Pacific Ocean Export Production and Its Implications for Ocean Circulation in a Warmer World

• DOI: 10.1029/2022av000853
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: AGU Advances
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: J. Abell;G. Winckler

A middle Pleistocene to Holocene perspective on sediment sources for the Tengger Desert, China

• DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2023.107119
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: CATENA
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Maotong Li;J. Nie;Zaijun Li;A. Pullen;J. Abell;Haobo Zhang;Cody A. McMechen;B. Pan