Collaborative Research: The leaky rake to solid plate transition on flow through biological filtering structures

合作研究：流过生物过滤结构时漏耙到实心板的过渡

• 批准号: 2114309
• 负责人: Laura Miller
• 金额: $ 21.88万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2114309&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; leaky; rake; solid

Numerous small organisms that swim, fly, smell, or feed in flow rely on branched, bristled and hairy structures that are significant to biological and biomedical applications. The movement and orientation of such bristled layers can change the behavior of the air or water flow through them such that they may act as either solid plates or leaky rakes. Understanding how animals creatively take advantage of this type of flow transition could inform the design of filters and sampling devices. Although such flows have been studied in many systems, predictive mathematical models of the leaky rake to solid plate transition remain unavailable. The goal of this project is to reveal the physical mechanisms behind this transition through mathematical modeling and experimentation. The theoretical models developed could find applications in biomedical problems such as the flow of lymph and blood through porous tissues and vascular protective layers. In terms of education and outreach, students will be trained at the interface of engineering, mathematics, and biology through interdisciplinary courses, field research, and multidisciplinary group meetings. Diverse students will be recruited through the Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP).This research will elucidate the fundamental fluid dynamics of biological and bioinspired filtering arrays operating at the mesoscale, where inertial and viscous forces are nearly balanced. It will also reveal the fundamental physics of particle capture and exchange when advection and diffusion are nearly balanced. Two types of marine invertebrates will be examined: 1) upside-down jellyfish that drive flow through 3D bristled oral arms, and 2) sea fans that are branched into approximately 2D sheets. Modeling the leaky-to-solid transition is challenging due to the need to simultaneously resolve small-scale flow around micron-scale structures and bulk flow around centimeter-scale arrays. New mathematical models, informed by experiments, will be developed to describe the effective porosity of flexible filtering layers. Particle capture rates and concentration profiles around mesoscale filtering arrays will be quantified experimentally in organisms and physical models. Further details of chemical exchange will be resolved numerically using the immersed boundary method. In terms of biology, these organisms represent one of many examples where particle capture and nutrient uptake occur in mesoscale bristled arrays. Revealing how this strategy is advantageous contributes directly to the NSF Rules of Life. In terms of bioinspired design, these systems exhibit inherently multiscale solutions for filtering and exchange that will provide new insights into the bioinspired design of filtering structures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

游泳，飞翔，闻到或饲料的许多小生物都取决于对生物学和生物医学应用重要的分支，毛毛和毛茸茸的结构。这样的毛层的运动和方向可以改变空气或水流的行为，从而使它们充当固体板或漏水。了解动物如何创造性地利用这种流动过渡可以为过滤器和采样设备的设计提供信息。尽管已经在许多系统中研究了此类流，但是漏水到实心板过渡的预测数学模型仍然无法使用。该项目的目的是通过数学建模和实验揭示这种过渡背后的物理机制。理论上的模型可以在生物医学问题中发现应用，例如淋巴和血液通过多孔组织和血管保护层的流动。在教育和宣传方面，将通过跨学科课程，实地研究和多学科小组会议对学生进行工程，数学和生物学的界面培训。多元化的学生将通过路易斯·斯托克斯（Louis Stokes）的少数群体参与（LSAMP）招募。这项研究将阐明在Messoscale运行的生物学和生物启发过滤阵列的基本流体动力学，惯性和粘性力量几乎平衡。当对流和扩散几乎平衡时，它还将揭示粒子捕获和交换的基本物理。将检查两种类型的海洋无脊椎动物：1）颠倒的水母，这些水母驱动流经3D的口腔臂，以及2）被分支成大约2D纸的海风扇。由于需要同时解决微米尺度结构周围的小规模流量和左右的散装流量，因此对漏水到固体的过渡进行建模是具有挑战性的。通过实验信息，将开发新的数学模型，以描述柔性滤波层的有效孔隙率。在生物和物理模型中，将对中尺度滤波阵列周围的颗粒捕获速率和浓度曲线进行实验量化。化学交换的进一步详细信息将使用浸没的边界方法进行数值解决。在生物学方面，这些生物代表了颗粒捕获和营养摄取的众多例子之一，中尺度繁忙的阵列。揭示该策略是如何有利的，这直接有助于NSF生活规则。在生物启发的设计方面，这些系统展示了用于过滤和交换的固有多尺度解决方案，这些解决方案将为过滤结构的生物启发设计提供新的见解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

The Presence of a Substrate Strengthens The Jet Generated by Upside-Down Jellyfish

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.847061
• 发表时间: 2022-05-12
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Battista, Nicholas;Gaddam, Manikantam G.;Santhanakrishnan, Arvind
• 通讯作者: Santhanakrishnan, Arvind

Planktos: An Agent-Based Modeling Framework for Small Organism Movement and Dispersal in a Fluid Environment with Immersed Structures

Planktos：基于代理的建模框架，用于具有浸没结构的流体环境中的小生物运动和扩散

• DOI: 10.1007/s11538-022-01027-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Strickland, W. C.;Battista, N. A.;Hamlet, C. L.;Miller, L. A.
• 通讯作者: Miller, L. A.